兩階層信用交易下的訂購、定價與保固決策模式

ORDERING, PRICING AND WARRANTY DECISION MODELS UNDER TWO-LEVEL TRADE CREDIT

何晴樺(Qing-Hua He)

指導教授 ： 曹譽鐘

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

在今日的商業行為，零售商通常會提供顧客信用交易和保固期間以提升競爭力。零售商不僅從他們的供應商得到一段信用交易期間，也會給予顧客一段信用交易期間。現在許多廠商為了提升顧客滿意度及品牌口碑，提供保固期間已是必然的趨勢。為了符合實際情況，本研究乃考慮保固成本對信用交易之影響，並站在零售商的立場，以提供零售商作為參考的依據。 本研究首先發展在兩階層信用交易與保固策略下的經濟訂購批量模式，並提出最佳解定理決定最佳存貨決策。之後考慮需求會受價格與保固的影響而發展第二模型，並提出演算法求解最佳化的定價、訂購與保固決策。最後透過數值案例與數值分析，了解不同的參數值對於決策變數的影響，並提出結論與建議。 由數值分析可得知，當支付資金積壓成本的利息越大，訂購週期與保固期間會變短，銷售價格會下降，利潤則會稍稍降低，零售商將增加訂購次數。當每年資金賺取之利息越大，訂購週期會變短，保固期間會變長，銷售價格會變大，利潤則會增加，零售商將減少訂購次數。
當零售商每次的訂購成本越大，訂購週期與保固期間會變長，銷售價格會增加，利潤則會降低，零售商將減少訂購次數。當零售商每單位的持有成本越大，訂購週期會變短，保固期間會變長，銷售價格會增加，利潤則會降低，零售商將增加訂購次數。

關鍵字

存貨 ； 兩階層信用交易 ； 保固

並列摘要

In current businesses, companies often provide a credit and warranty period to customers to increase their competitiveness. This paper develops an EOQ model under warranty policy and two-level trade credits. This means the company not only receives a credit period from the supplier but also provides a credit period to customers. Businesses currently offer a warranty period to customers for proving customer satisfaction and brand reputation. This research consided the inference of warranty cost on trade credit from a retailer standpoint.
This paper determines the optimal inventory decision. Lemmas and theorems based on optimization were developed to solve the problem. This work also developed model 2 to consider that demand will infer a pricing and warranty period, and a search-based algorithm to solve the problem. This paper utilizes numerical examples to illustrate the solution procedures. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.

並列關鍵字

inventory ； two-level trade credit ； warranty

參考文獻

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