美容業主管領導風格對工作績效之影響-以組織承諾為中介變項

一直以來，領導是學者研究的重要課題，領導者的風格對企業整體發展影響極大，在個人與組織的整合過程中，領導乃是一個最具動態的影響過程，促使管理績效提升，美容美髮業也不例外。如何發揮其員工生產力及組織績效最大化，組織承諾是否會直接或間接造成員工工作績效的差異？亦值得深思與探討。本研究旨在探討主管的領導風格與美容美髮從業人員工作績效的關係。以直屬領導風格為自變項、工作績效為依變項，並以組織承諾為中介變項。除了探討直屬主管領導風格與美容美髮從業人員的工作績效的關係外，同時也探討組織承諾對於直屬主管領導風格與美容美髮從業人員工作績效的中介效果。透過文獻探討及問卷調查進行資料的蒐集與分析，研究對象為多個美容美髮相關連鎖企業之主管與員工，美容美髮店家共有69家店，以主管與員工為抽樣對象，進行問卷發放，共發放400份，回收配對問卷計397份，其中包括員工問卷328份，主管問卷69份，問卷回收率為99.25%。並用IBM SPSS Statistics 22來做分析，包括量表信度分析、描述性統計、因素分析、相關分析、迴歸分析，本研究結果如下： 1-1直屬主管的轉換型領導對美容美髮從業人員的工作績效有正向的影響。 1-2直屬主管的例外管理領導對美容美髮從業人員的工作績效有正向的影響。 2-1直屬主管的轉換型領導對美容美髮從業人員的組織承諾有正向的影響。 2-2直屬主管的權變報償領導對美容美髮從業人員的組織承諾有正向的影響。 2-3直屬主管的例外管理領導對美容美髮從業人員的組織承諾有正向的影響。 3-1直屬主管的轉換型領導會透過美容美髮從業人員組織承諾的中介效果而影響其工作績效。 3-2直屬主管的例外管理領導會透過美容美髮從業人員組織承諾的中介效果而影響其工作績效。

關鍵字

美容美髮從業人員；領導風格；工作績效；組織承諾

並列摘要

All along, leadership is an important subject of scholars' research. The style of the leader has a great impact on the overall development of the enterprise. In the integration of individuals and organizations, leadership is one of the most dynamic processes of impact, to promote management performance; beauty salon industry is no exception. Maximizing employee productivity and organizational performance, and whether organizational commitment will directly or indirectly cause differences in employee performance is worth pondering and discussing. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the leadership style of the supervisor and the performance of the beauty salon practitioners. Direct leadership style is for the independent variable, job performance as dependent variable, and organizational commitment as an intermediary variable. In addition to discussing the relationship between the leadership style and the performance of the beauty salon practitioners, it also explores the intermediary effect of the organizational commitment to the performance style of the supervisors and the hairdressers. Through the literature and questionnaire survey to carry out the collection and analysis of information, the study is based on beautician in Taiwan, a total of 400 questionnaires were issued, 397 shares valid questionnaires were recovered and the rate of return was 99.25%. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 was used to analyze, including Descriptive Statistics Analysis, Reliability Analysis, Factor Analysis, Correlation Analysis, finally Regression Analysis was done to validate assumptions. The results obtained are as follows: 1-1 The transformational leadership of line managers is positively related. 1-2 The management by exception leadership of line managers is positively related. 2-1 The transformational leadership of line managers is positively related. 2-2 The contingent reward leadership of line managers is positively related. 2-3 The management by exception leadership of line managers is positively related. 3-1 The beauticians’ organizational commitment mediates the relationship between line managers’ transformational leadership and beauticians’ job performance. 3-2 The beauticians’ organizational commitment mediates the relationship between line managers’ the management by exception leadership and beauticians’ job performance.