德布西《貝加馬斯克組曲》之探討

本研究探討德布西創作生涯中期的作品，1890年所創作的鋼琴曲《貝加馬斯克組曲》（Suite Bergamasque）。貝加馬斯克組曲-包括「前奏曲」（Pr?lude）、「小步舞曲」（Menuet）、「月光」（Clair de lune）及「巴瑟比舞曲」（Passepied）四首小曲。一般說來，這些小曲從「印象主義」學術的觀點來看，音符為顏料，旋律為色彩，大都是研究樂曲技巧的分析，或者是標題音樂的觀念。本研究採「詮釋性研究法」(Interpretive Research) 的研究理念及做法，將德布西《貝加馬斯克組曲》音樂中所要呈現的【光影】、【聲響】、【氣息】、【滋味】進行解讀與詮釋，並分析出「印象畫派」與「印象樂派」相互關聯的創作技法。德布西的《貝加馬斯克組曲》創作深受象徵主義詩人魏倫（Paul Verlaine 1844-1896）風格影響，並充分地發揮他的音樂想像力，旋律中明顯的隱喻功能是其音樂特色，而在和聲上更大量使用塊狀的分解和弦，象徵凝固，以及飄著、流暢、飛動的16分音符音型，象徵溶解。其次，本研究亦分析節奏步調的掌握，以及力度掌握對作品詮釋的影響，並提供踏板的建議，有助於掌握德布西的音樂美感。

關鍵字

印象樂派；德布西；貝加馬斯克；組曲；月光

並列摘要

The study discussed the works of Debussy’s middle period, Suite Bergamasque. Debussy’s Suite Bergamasque was written in 1890, and included Prelude, Menuet, Clair de lune, and Passepied. From the Impressionist point of view, musical notes are colorants and melodies are colors. The studies of the Impressionism mostly are all about analyzing composing techniques or concepts of programmatic music. Debussy’s piano music, focused as it is on color and sonority, requires a vastly different approach to piano technique from that of piano literature in the past. A interpretive research approach using technique and interpretation will involve annotating the shadows, sound, atmospherics, and flavor of Debussy’s Suite Bergamasque to understand how “Impressionism in painting” and “Impressionism in Music” relate to the composer's ongoing creative development and distinctive musical language. Debussy’s Suite Bergamasque was greatly influenced by Paul Verlaine (1844-1896), a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement. Exuberance of imagination in music and utilization of metaphor in melodies are characteristics of Debussy's music. In this music he utilized a great deal of broken chords as a musical description of freezing as well as ethereal, fluid, and flying sixteenth notes as a musical description of melting. In addition to providing data relevant to examining the current author's analysis of the pieces and interpretation for Debussy's pianism, the study may help to shed light on this new aspect in the “interpersonal realm”