台南市私立高職學生身體質量指數和體型自覺與飲食習慣之相關分析

本研究目的主要在瞭解目前高職學生的飲食習慣，將高職學生的飲食習慣分成八個面向，並比較性別、身體質量指數和自覺體型上不同的高職學生其飲食習慣的差異。期望建立高職學生體型意識與身體質量指數觀念之依據。研究採問卷調查法進行調查研究，由台南市私立高職學校分層比例隨機抽樣，共得951份有效問卷，有效問卷回收率為86.45%，利用SPSS12.0以及描述統計、卡方檢定、獨立樣本 t 檢定與多變量變異數分析(One-Way ANOVA)等統計方法進行統計分析。高職學生對各面向的飲食習慣偏向於「偶爾如此」，其自覺體型過胖者佔31.8％，但身體質量指數上過胖者佔22.1％，可知10％左右的高職學生自認體型過胖。性別在身體質量指數、體型自覺與飲食習慣上存在顯著差異，身體質量指數上過胖女生佔17.1％而過胖男生佔26.5％，其女生較男生注重體重控制；體型自覺上過胖女生佔35.6％而過胖男生佔28.3％，其女生較男生自覺體型過胖；性別在飲食習慣上，女學生較男學生傾向「節制飲食」、「少油飲食」與「高纖飲食」。自覺體型普通者較過胖者傾向「節制飲食」與「少油飲食」；身體質量指數上過輕者較正常與過胖者傾向「過量飲食」。冀望此研究結果可供給學校、教師及家長參考。

關鍵字

飲食習慣；身體質量指數；體型意識

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to understand the current dietary habit of vocational high school students. In this paper, the dietary habit was divided into eight aspects and students’ dietary habits were compared with respect to different gender, body mass index and self-feeling body image . We expect to establish the concept of vocational high school students’ body awareness and body mass index. This study used questionnaires to investigate and study. Stratified random sampling by the Tainan City private vocational high school students, a total of 951 valid questionnaires were obtained, the effective rate was 86.45% .Questionnaires were collected, using SPSS12.0 and descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent sample t test and multivariate analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) statistical analysis of statistical methods. The dietary habit of vocational high school students was biased in favor of “occasionally so”. The students self-feeling body image fat accounted for 31.8%, but the body mass index accounted for 22.1% fat. So it shows that 10% of vocational high school students consider themselves overweight. Gender shows significant difference in body mass index, self-feeling body image and dietary habit. Girls 17.1% body mass index fat and boys 26.5% body mass index fat, it shows girls pay attention to weight control more than boys. Girls 35.6% self-feeling body image fat and boys 28.3% self-feeling body image fat, it shows body weight conscious girls than boys. Dietary habit in gender, girls were biased in favor of “prudent eating behaviors”, “avoiding fat behavior” and “using high-fiber foods/products”.Self-feeling body image and body mass index has significant differences in dietary habit. Students self-feeling body image normal tend to “prudent eating behaviors” and “avoiding fat behaviors” than those who self-feeling body image fat. Students body mass index light tend to “accepting offered foods” than those body mass index normal and fat. We hope this study can supply something useful for schools, teachers and parents.