塗鴉藝術之視覺圖像研究－ 以國中生的塗鴉圖像表現為例

塗鴉藝術地下作品最早出現於20世紀60年代中後期，是普普文化的一種繼承及延伸。不同的是，普普藝術表達對大眾文化的思考和審視，而塗鴉藝術則是直接來自城市大眾文化。伴隨着黑人文化運動興起成為世界藝術中充滿活力的新潮流，由最初作畫於地下鐵的車廂內外；轉向運用地鐵來傳播他們的聲音與想法，或寫在醒目的牆上以區分不同的地盤，在嬉皮士運動一系列的反對觀念獲得發展，漸漸形成典型的多元文化城區。塗鴉對於新時代的青少年而言，是文化流行也是時尚的象徵，因為它有着藝術趣味性，蘊藏着一種屬於年輕人的自由感和豪放不羈的野性，且是文化的一種呈現，但學生往往因為塗鴉時缺乏創意，而重覆畫著自己較熟悉的東西。本研究旨在於以國中生做探討塗鴉圖像之對象，以了解影響圖像之動機，和探討在不同的情境下圖像的創作，透過文獻分析探討，研究問題與研究目的編制「國中生問卷內容與研究議題探討之對應表」，及「訪談問題大綱計劃表」和「國中生校園塗鴉作品分析表」為研究工具，從研究分析與結果顯示：學生比較偏向以塗鴉抒發情緒，甚至以破壞校園設施做為表達，藉由訪談學校輔導室從塗鴉了解學生心理，加以研究探討再根據分析結果，作為輔導重要的參考方向。由教學的課程認識塗鴉表現方式及技法、工具等，引導與培育進而提升塗鴉的表現力，並且提出相關的研究建議作為參考。

關鍵字

塗鴉；塗鴉行為；青少年次文化

並列摘要

The earliest graffiti groundwork appeared in mid-late 1960s and is a heritage and extension of pop culture. Differently from pop arts, which express the thought and review for mass culture, graffiti arts are from urban mass culture directly. Along with the emergence of black cultural movement, graffiti arts became a vigorous new trend among the other arts in the world. The black man painted graffiti on the interior and exterior of the subway coaches initially. Afterwards, they turned to use subway to broadcast their voices and thoughts, or they wrote on the apparent walls to divide territories. A series of objections raised in the hippie movement were developed and have made a typical multicultural city gradually. For the adolescents in the new era, graffiti are not only a cultural trend but also a fashionable symbol since they are with artistic interest and a sense of freedom and wildness that belong to young people and embody cultures. Nevertheless, generally due to being in lack of creativeness while making graffiti, the students repeat to draw what they are familiar with. To understand the motives that influence the images and discuss the image creations under different situations, this study aimed to select junior high school students as the subjects for the graffiti image research. Through review of literature analyses, and topics and purpose of study, the “Corresponding Form between Junior High Students Survey Contents and Study Issues”, “Form for Outlining Interview Topics” and “Analysis Form of Junior High Students’ Campus Graffiti Works” were designed as study tools. The study analyses and results showed that the students inclined to relieve mood by graffiting, even destroying the facilities of the campus. Through interviews with the counselors of the counseling offices of the schools, it was attempted to figure out and explore the psychology of the students, which would be important reference for counseling. It was hoped to help through graffiti courses know the performance ways, techniques and tools and to guide and cultivate as well as raise the performing ability for graffiti. Moreover, there were relevant study recommendations submitted for reference.