少子化趨勢下小型偏遠學校經營之研究---以台中市逢甲國小為例

A Study on the Management of Small-Remote School Under the Trend of Declining Birth Rate—Take Fong Jia Elementary School of Taichung City As An Example

吳秀全(Wu Hsiu-Chuan)

指導教授 ： 賴清標

中臺科技大學/護理學院/文教事業經營研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

摘 要
逢甲國小是台中市唯一的一所小型偏遠學校，隨著該地區人口的變遷，學區學生數逐年下降，順此趨勢，在地學生終將完全消失。實施自由學區計畫後，跨區進來就讀的學生，雖使該校的學生人數增加，但長久之計，該校的未來發展不得不予以深思熟慮。逢甲國小歷史悠久，且為大坑北坑巷地區唯一的學校，學校的存廢或轉型，應為一個公共議題，需要考慮有關人士的意見。本研究先根據文獻，探討少子化趨勢對學校經營的影響、小型偏遠學校的經營運作，以及我國小型學校的整併發展。然後，訪談與逢甲國小有關的市政府教育主管、校長、教師、學生、家長與社區人士等。最後，依據現場的觀察瞭解，以及整理、分析訪談資料後，獲致以下的結論：
一、少子化的趨勢和社會變遷確實影響逢甲國小的發展。
二、由於有較好的市府財政，以及教育主管的支持，短期內不會裁併。
三、由於有健全的制度、合適的分工與協助，行政運作很順利。
四、實施自由學區計畫，成效受到肯定。教師則較憂慮其帶來的困擾。
五、逢甲國小為吸引區外學生就讀，很努力經營學校特色，注重生態教學和課外活動。家長則希望課程要有長遠的計畫及系列性的設計。
六、對於逢甲國小未來的發展，教育主管、校長、老師及社區人士共提出七項構想，可以提供學校及市府主管單位的參考。

依據結論對學校提出具體的建議為：
一、校長應建立清晰的辦學理念和經營藍圖。
二、校長應堅持辦學理念和政策的推展。
三、學校應加強行銷。
四、加強經營學校特色，訂有長遠計劃。
五、特色課程應作系列性的設計，並且永續經營。
六、避免開放學區帶來的困擾，應有因應措施。
七、建議申請辦理教師專業發展評鑑。
八、購置交通車接送學生，減輕家長接送負擔。
對市府教育主管單位提出具體的建議為：
一、儘早定位學校的經營型態與未來發展。
二、儘早編列預算，完成校地徵收。
三、提高誘因，留任教師。
四、協調交通處開闢經北坑巷的小型巴士。

關鍵字

自由學區 ； 學校經營 ； 小型偏遠學校

並列摘要

Abstract

Fong Jia Elementary School is the only small remote school in Taichung. The changes of population in this area are reflected in the changes of student numbers which have been decreased annually. In this way, local students would disappear at last. “Open Enrollment of Students” is rightly the plan which has successfully contributed to the increase of student numbers due to the uprising of student attendance from other districts. Fong Jia Elementary School has a long history. Its regional uniqueness in Daken North Lane should bring to a public issue, “Abolish Fong Jia or Not,” in order to extract more local opinions and information. To this end, the study is to explore the influences of the lack of children towards school attendance, administration of small remote school, and the development of school incorporation in Taiwan. Furthermore, this study is to elicit the opinions from the supervisors at the board of education, the headmasters, the students, the parents, and also the communities through interviews. Here are the conclusions through qualitative interview, data collection and analysis as follows.
1.Lack of children and the modern social changes affect the development of Fong Jia Elementary School.
2.The financial assistance from the municipal government and the support from the education board can reduce the possibility of school incorporation in the short run.
3.Systematic management, specialized cooperation and assistance are able to contribute to a better administrative efficacy.
4."Open Enrollment of Students” is a good success, but the teachers are worried its subsequent influences.
5.On one hand, Fong Jia Elementary School pays attention to its school characteristic in order to attract the students from outside the district with the emphasis on ecological teaching and extracurricular activities. On the other hand, parents look forward to the long-term curricular plan and a systematic course design.
6.Supervisors at the board of education, the headmasters, teachers, students, parents, and also the communities bring seven ideas on the future development of Fong Jia Elementary School as the reference for the school the education-related authorities.
The above-mentioned conclusions are addressed to suggest Fong Jia Elementary School take the concrete actions in the following terms.
1.The headmaster should set up the clear concept and blueprint of running school.
2.The headmaster should insist on promoting the ideas and policies of running school.
3.School marketing strategies should be strengthened.
4.The school should set up the long-term planning in order to develop its unique school characteristic.
5.Characteristics of curriculum should be constructed based on a sustainable development through a series of design.
6.The subsequent worries brought by “Open Enrollment of Students” should be inhibited by the problem-focused coping measures.
7.Teachers’ professional development is suggested to promote.
8.School commuter buses are suggested to purchase to pick up and drop off the students and to lighten parents'' burden.
The above-mentioned conclusions are also constructively suggested the education authorities below.
1.School management and future development should be oriented with the least delay.
2.Budgeting should be done for land confiscation which could further school development.
3.A system of inducement is an encouragement to retain the current teachers.
4.There is a need of coordinating the Transportation Department to arrange the routes for the school commuter buses running in Daken North Lane.

並列關鍵字

open enrollment of students ； school management ； small remote school

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