臺中市幼兒園幼兒使用3C產品與語言表達能力之研究

本研究旨在探討「臺中市幼兒園幼兒使用3C產品與語言表達能力」之現況，並分析不同背景變項下，幼兒在使用3C產品之情形與語言表達能力間之差異與相關。本研究利用自編問卷進行問卷調查，以在臺中市幼兒園就讀的3-6歲幼兒為對象，採分層抽樣，並請家長評估填寫方式，來完成問卷內容。本研究共寄出407份問卷，回收之有效問卷共378份，有效問卷的回收率為92.87％。調查所得資料，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸等方法進行統計分析，並獲得以下結論：一、臺中市幼兒園幼兒使用3C產品的原因中，超過六成的用途為「休閒娛樂」及「學習」，且父母提供3C產品的種類以「智慧型手機」為主。二、臺中市幼兒園幼兒在使用3C產品的時機上，以「晚上睡覺前」及「獨自使用」為最多，而在使用3C產品的時間上，以半小時以下居多。三、臺中市幼兒園幼兒的語言表達能力之表現，屬於中等偏高的程度。四、「不同幼兒年齡」分別在「使用3C產品是為了陪伴幼兒」、「使用平板電腦」、「假日使用平板電腦的時間」之間具顯著差異。五、「不同居住地」分別在「幼兒會獨自使用3C產品」、「上下學途中使用3C產品」、「晚上睡前使用3C產品」、「做功課時使用3C產品」、「平日使用智慧型手機」、「平日使用平板電腦」、「假日使用智慧型手機」之間具顯著差異。六、「填表者與幼兒的關係」分別在「幼兒在無聊時使用3C產品」、「幼兒在用餐時使用3C產品」之間有顯著差異。七、「填表者不同的年齡」分別在「使用3C產品是為了幫助幼兒學習」、「幼兒會使用智慧型手機」、「幼兒會使用平板電腦」、「幼兒會在一早起床使用3C產品」、「幼兒會在做功課時使用3C產品」之間有顯著性的差異。八、「填表者不同的教育程度」分別在「無聊時使用3C產品」、「獨自使用3C產品」、「一早起床使用3C產品」、「假日使用智慧型手機的時間」之間有顯著性的差異。九、「幼兒性別」及「幼兒年齡」在幼兒語言表達能力表現的「語法」方面達顯著差異；而「幼兒年齡」在幼兒語言表達能力表現的「語音」及「語速」方面，出現顯著差異。十、幼兒使用智慧手機的時間越長，對其語言表達能力的表現有負向趨勢。最後，依據研究結果，提出相關建議以供學齡前家長及教育相關單位，及後續研究者做為參考。

關鍵字

幼兒； 3C產品；語言表達能力

並列摘要

The purpose of this research was to investigate the situation of the use of 3C products and language expression ability among preschool children in Taichung City. The questionnaire was designed by the author for the purpose of the present study. The data was collected by the stratified purposive sampling and from 407 students who were 3 to 5 years old and studying in the preschools of Taichung City. And the questionnaire was filled out by parents or guardians. The amounts of valid responses were 378, and the usable rate was 92.87％. The obtained data was analyzed by using statistical methods which included descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and multiple regression. The conclusions were as follows： 1. Among the reasons why preschool children in Taichung City use 3C products, more than 60% are for leisure, entertainment and learning, and the types of 3C products provided by parents are mainly smartphones. 2. The time when the preschool children in Taichung City use 3C products most is before going to bed and when they are alone. Also the time of using 3C products is mostly less than half an hour. 3. The fact of language expression performance of the preschool children in Taichung City is in an upper moderate level. 4. There are significant differences between the different ages of children and the factors of using 3C products to accompany children, using tablets, and how long children using tablets in holidays. 5. There are also significant differences between different places of residence and factors of children using 3C products when alone, 3C products used when preschool children going to school and on the way home from school, 3C products used before going to bed at night, 3C products to do homework, smartphones on weekdays, tablets on weekdays, and smartphones on holidays. 6. There are significant differences between the person who fills out the questionnaire and is related to his child and the factors of children using the 3C products when bored, and children using the 3C products when dining. 7. There are significant differences between the different age of the person who fills out the questionnaire and the factors of children using 3C products for learning assistance, children’s ability of using smartphones, children’s ability of using tablets, children using 3C products after getting up in the morning, 3C products to do homework. 8. There are significant differences between the different educational levels of the person who fills out the questionnaire and the factors of children using 3C products when bored, children using 3C products when alone, children using 3C products after getting up in the morning, and how long children using smartphones in holidays. 9. In terms of the gammar of children's language expression performance, there are significant differences in the factors of children's gender and children's age; on the other hand, about the pronunciation and speed of children's language expression performance, the only variable that shows significant differences is children's age. 10. Children's language performance is negatively correlated with how long they use smartphones. To sum up, based on the results of the study, some recommendations will be proposed to preschool children's parents or guardians, educational institutions, and other researchers as the future references.