- 學位論文
居家照顧服務員的人格特質、悲憫疲憊與留任意願之相關性探討
Personality Traits, Compassion Fatigue and Retention Intention among Home Care Workers
摘要
研究背景：我國在2018年3月已經邁入高齡社會，且推估到2026年時65歲以上失能人口將達到62萬人，然而有將近9成的人必須選擇居家照顧服務。此外，為了要落實長照2.0在地老化政策及提升居家照顧服務品質，居家照顧服務員的留任就是重要的一環，然而有關居服員與留任意願間之相關文獻甚少，因此本研究將探討居服員的人格特質、悲憫疲憊及留任意願之相關性。 研究設計：本研究採橫斷式調查法、結構式問卷並以立意取樣設計，以89位南投縣市居服員為研究對象。問卷包含四部份：人口學現況、人格特質、悲憫疲憊及留任意願。問卷收集後以統計軟體SPSS17.0進行描述性統計分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析及逐步迴歸分析等資料分析。 研究結果:（一）人口學現況結果顯示，南投縣市居服員多為已婚中高齡女性；教育程度多為高中職；工作狀態為專任且服務年資多超過5年；薪資多介於23,801-30,000元間；半數居服員有照顧過重症或瀕死者的經驗。（二）人格特質研究顯示，居服員以信任合作性居多。此外，信任合作性、負責性與悲憫疲憊之間有顯著的負相關；反之，神經質、經驗開放性有顯著的正相關。神經質與留任意願之間為負相關；信任合作性、外向性、負責性為正相關。（三）在悲憫疲憊研究顯示，南投縣市居服員屬於低危險群。（四）人格特質可以作為居服員留任意願之重要預測因子，人格特質越偏向信任合作性及外向性時，其留任意願就越高。 結論與建議：當居服員越具有信任合作性及外向性的人格特質時，其悲憫疲憊程度就越低，進而留任意願就越高。因此，機構或業者應先瞭解員工人格特質屬性為何，依據員工人格特質屬性來安排工作內容及照顧個案，並提供教育訓練來提升居服員的照顧知能及技能，以降低悲憫疲憊現象的發生，最終提升其留任之意願，本研究結果可作為企業未來聘任員工或提升人員素質時之參考依據。
並列摘要
Background: Taiwan has entered the stage of an “aged society” in 2018. There are nearly 90% of the disabled aging people are forced to choose being home-cared. To fulfill aging in place policy and enhance home care service quality, the great need of qualified home-care-workers as well as the quality they provided should be paid more attention. In particular, home-care-takers’ compassion fatigue and retention intention are believed to play important roles in the service. Hence, the study intends to investigate the correlation among home-care workers’ personality traits, compassion fatigue, and their retention intention. Design: This was a cross-sectional correlation study. Eighty-nine home care workers were included. The research tools included demographic characteristics, personality traits scale, compassion fatigue scale and retention intention scale. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t test, one way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: (1) The majorty of participants were middle-aged and married females. Their educational level was at senior high school; working fulltime and more than five years. Salary ragned from 23,801 to 30,000. Half of them have acute-patient caring experience. (2) For personality traits, participants trended to be Agreeableness. There were significant negative correlations between Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and compassion fatigue; yet, Neuroticism and Openness to experience were positively correlated. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between Neuroticism and retention intention. Conversely, Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness showed positive correlations. (3) For compassion fatigue, participants were low risk. (4) Agreeableness and Extraversion personality traits were predictive factors for retention intention. Conclusions/ recommendations: The higher level of Agreeableness and Extraversion personality trait, the lower compassion fatigue existed, and the higher the retention intention. Therefore, understanding home care works’ personality traits and compassion fatigue can be helpful to enhance their retention intentions. It’s expected that the findings can provide some hints for the government, schools, institutions, and workers in providing more qualified home-care policy and services.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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