方塊踏步運動於老人功能性體適能之成效：統合分析

The Effectiveness of Square-Stepping Exercise of the Elderly Functional Fitness: A Meta-Analysis

高春眉(CHUN-MEI KAO)

指導教授 ： 邱子易

中臺科技大學/護理學院/護理研究所/碩士(2017年)

摘要

台灣於1993年已面臨高齡化社會，老年人健康趨勢的變化是複雜的，要保持老年人健康和獨立的能力需要一個支持性的環境，包括完善設計的生活條件和合宜的健康照護。已經有研究使用方塊踏步運運動來改變這些變數，顯示方塊踏步運動是提高老人獨立生活能力的重要策略。本研究使用系統性文獻回顧和統合分析來了解方塊踏步運動對老年人功能性體適能的影響，使用「方塊踏步運動、老年人、功能性體適能、肌力、有氧耐力、柔軟度、靜態平衡、敏捷性/動態平衡」等關鍵字，搜尋Cochrane Library、MEDLINE、CINAHL、PubMed、ProQuest、PsycInfo、Embase、臺灣期刊論文索引資料庫、台灣博碩士論文知識加值資料庫、華藝中文電子期刊(Chinese Electronic Periodical Services)、中國知識資源總庫(Chinese National Knowledge Integrated Database) 等11個中、英文資料庫之相關文獻。搜尋2000年至2016年11月間符合納入條件之文章，經評讀後以JBI組織所提標準化的評估工具，進行文獻品質評估，並以統合分析軟體Review Manager5.3計算方塊踏步運動於老年人在功能性體適能的效果量。經統合分析結果發現，方塊踏步運動對於老年人在下肢肌力與下肢柔軟度的成效，有顯著成效分別為(MD-0.50,95% CI = [-0.90, -0.10],P＝0.01) 、(MD-1.86,95% CI = [-3.16, -0.56],P＝0.005)。
但方塊踏步運動對於老年人在上肢肌力、有氧耐力、靜態平衡與敏捷/動態平衡，則無顯著差異。研究結果證實方塊踏步運動可改善老年人下肢肌力的強度與下肢柔軟度，研究中提到步伐的訓練更能防範跌倒的產生，期望此研究結果有助於提升未來在社區中大量推廣該運動的可行性，亦建議增加樣本數與制定相同測量的評值方式，以作為未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

方塊踏步運動 ； 老年人 ； 功能性體適能 ； 統合分析

並列摘要

Taiwan had become an ageing society in 1993. Health trends among elderly people are complex. The ability of older people to remain healthy and independent requires the provision of a supportive environment, including well-designed living conditions, and appropriate health care.The studies have used square-stepping exercise successfully to improve these variables in older people. Square-stepping exercise was an important strategy for enhanced the ability of the elderly to live independently. The present study was designed to use systemic reviews and meta‐analysis to analyze the effects of square-stepping exercise on functional fitness in older adults. The keywords including older adults, square-stepping exercise, muscular strength, aerobic endurance, flexibility, and agility/dynamic balance design were used to query eleven electronic databases: Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest, PubMed, PsycInfo, Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System, National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan, AiritiLibrary, and Chinese National Knowledge Integrated Database. Articles indexed on these databases that met the inclusion criteria and were published between 2000 and November 2016 were extracted for analysis. A standardized critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used to assess methodological quality. Rev Man5.3 software was used to conduct the meta‐analysis. The findings showed that square-stepping exercise significantly improved the lower limbs muscle strength and lower limbs flexibility of the target cases, as reflected by the values(MD-0.50,95% CI = [-0.90, -0.10],P＝0.01), and (MD-1.86,95% CI = [-3.16, -0.56],P＝0.005), respectively.
But there was not significantly improved in the effect square-stepping exercise of on the upper limbs muscle strength, aerobic endurance, balance and agility / dynamic balance. The findings suggest that square-stepping exercise is sufficient stimulus to increase lower limbs muscle strength and lower limbs flexibility in healthy individuals.By training the older adults at the functional level, we can reduce the incidence of falls during various mobility activities. It is expected that this study will help to improve the viability of the campaign in the community in the future. It is also recommended to increase the number of samples and to develop the same measurement method of evaluation as a reference for future research.

並列關鍵字

Square-stepping exercise ； Elderly ； Functional fitness ； Meta-analysis

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