目前全球正面臨人口老化的挑戰,如何因應此現象帶來的負面效應並以積極的態度達到成功老化的目標,為當今各界需面臨之重要議題。 本研究旨在分析中高齡者規律運動歷程、經驗與模式,探討規律運動在成功老化「避免疾病與失能」、「保持良好的心智與體能」、「積極的生活」三層面之表現。本研究經由立意取樣找尋具代表性的研究個案八人,進行質性研究,以半結構式的訪談大綱進行深度訪談。 針對研究發現,歸納結論為:一、中高齡者持續運動因素包含年輕養成習慣、家人朋友支持、團體氣氛良好與運動指導員,且愈早開始規律運動行為者,對於老化過程適應會較佳;二、中高齡者的運動模式為緩和、低技術性且容易操作的運動形式,並維持每周三至五次,每次持續一個小時的中、低強度有氧運動;三、成功老化的表現方面發現,中高齡者從事規律運動,有助於預防疾病及改善老化過程的不適、提升身理與心理的健康、維持生活的獨立、還能拓展社交網絡以及積極參與社會活動。所以,中高齡者可由規律運動達到成功老化的目標。 本研究根據研究結論,針對推動國人運動習慣的政策發展與教育方向,以及未來研究可以發展的方式提出建議。
Aging population is one of the challenges of globalization, how to respond to the aging society and to achieve successful aging is one of the most concerned issues. The purposes are to understand the relationship between the regular exercise, model and successful aging (avoiding disease and disability, high cognitive and physical function). This study is based on the purposeful sampling method to choose six representational people for case study; qualitative method with the semi-structured deep interview is used. Conclusions of the study are as the followings: Factors of driving middle-elderly to take exercises are the habit of young, the social support of family or friends’, group atmosphere and sports instructors. Moreover, to early begin in regular exercise, with better adapt to the aging process. The movement pattern of middle-elderly are ease, low technical and easy to operate, three to five days a week, an hour a time and moderate of aerobic exercise. In the performance of successful aging, the research also found out only based on the regular exercise, the middle-elderly can prevent disease, improve the discomfort of the aging process, maintain psychological satisfaction, independent living, expand social networks and active social interaction. Therefore, take regular exercise can promote successful aging. Future suggestions and recommendations of this study are given.