基因改造生物之風險與管制研究

二十世紀中期以後，出現分子生物學，使基因科技突飛猛進，科學家利用基因重組技術，研發了基因改造生物產品，對人類的生活與社會環境都有直接且重大的衝擊，我們必須體認其發展是無可避免的趨勢，為今之計應該是每個人由各個角度來參與GM 作物的研發、監督、管理與利用等，最重要的是由技術層面精益求精，並確實做好風險評估與管理，以期望未來基因改造產品更安全，不僅能解決基因科技之運用在本質上之風險不確定性，更能改善環境，永續經營，讓我們在健康安全的環境下，生產健康安全的基因改造產品，才能有健康的人生。故如何訂定相關管制規範對基因改造生物加以妥適管理即顯出其重要性，本文以現況歐盟、美國及國際組織就基因改造生物之法令規章，建議我國在制定相關政策及立法時，所應予參考。希冀經由各國相關法規和政策之介紹，能完備我國日後之立法，使我國在建構有利生物科技發展環境之同時，也能兼顧消費者權益之保障。

關鍵字

基因；基因改造科技；基因改造生物

並列摘要

After 20th century medium-term, occurs in molecular biology, the gene technological advances, scientists using recombinant DNA technology, developed the genetically modified organism products, on human lives and social environment has a direct and significant impact, we must realize its development is the inevitable trend, this strategy should be to everyone from every angle to participate in the development, supervision, management and use of GM crops, Most important is for the technical excellence and, indeed, proper risk assessment and management, to expect future GM products more secure, not only address the use of gene technology in the nature of risk uncertainty, can improve the environment, sustainable development, let us in the health and safety of the environment, health and safety of genetically-modified products, to have a healthy life. How to set completed related regulatory norms on genetically modified organisms to be suitable management that showed its importance, this status to the European Union, United States and international organizations regarding genetically modified organisms Act regulations, recommendations in the formulation of relevant policies and legislation in Taiwan, should be by reference. Hope through introduction of national regulations and policies, to complete legislation of Taiwan's future, Taiwan construction enabling biotechnology development environment at the same time, able to combine consumer protection.