台灣中部海運承攬運送業供應鏈經營風險管理及策略設計之研究

台灣主要以製造業發展為導向的海島型經濟中，在面臨全球國際貿易的蓬勃發展與經濟市場運輸便捷的需求情況下，具有四通八達、無遠弗屆的海運運輸自然扮演其中極為重要關鍵的角色，物流之效能與效率將直接影響到國家的經濟競爭力;身為一個稱職的海運承攬運送業者必須因應思考如何在海運運送供應鏈中，運用本身優質的規劃與服務，來滿足所有供應鏈的廠商託運人與合作船公司夥伴的需求。本論文研究目的在探討台灣中部地區海運承攬運送業供應鏈上下游供應鏈之經營風險管理及策略的設計分析，首先藉由國內外相關海運物流的文獻參考及海運市場經營實務案例，針對現行海運承攬運送業趨勢發展與背景進行分析說明，以利擬定研究範疇與設計主題引導式深度訪談的議題，主要採用紮根理論質性分析為基礎方法進行資料編碼處理，冀望透過與中部地區海運承攬運送業上下游供應鏈高階經營者為主的深度訪談方式，在蒐集彙整資料後設計成為經營策略的構面，針對提出現行海運承攬運送業的經營風險「資產」、「威脅」、「弱點」、「後果」、及「可能性」五大構面，以LC風險矩陣表列進行風險鑑別評定方式進行分析，釐清評定以影響經營安全的威脅目標，進而擬定降低經營風險管的行動對策。依據本研究深度訪談議題策略構面的內容，進行以SWOT的策略架構分析，分類及編碼方式取得程序取向的策略規劃結果，冀望能提供中部海運承攬運送業供應鏈上下游供應鏈之業者在日後經營管理策略中，可充分發掘及善用現行內、外部的優勢與機會，強化市場競爭力的生存條件；在體認內、外部劣勢與威脅的困境裡，能設計與執行後續改善矯正措施及有效的因應策略；最後提供在研究範疇與主題下可行的設計對應策略，並對後續相關之研究提出具體參考之建議。

關鍵字

海運承攬運送業；紮根理論；設計策略；風險矩陣； SWOT分析

並列摘要

Taiwan, as develop of manufacturing industry-oriented in the island economy, when it under the blooming of international trade and convenient economic transport market, the borderless and worldwide marine transport plays an important role in it. The effectiveness and efficiency of logistic effects the country competitive directly. Being a competent freight forwarder must think how to use its own high-quality service to meet the all demands for shipper and shipping lines in this supply chain. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the risk management and strategy design for freight forwarder supply chain management in the center of Taiwan. First, this dissertation describes the current freight forwarder development and background through Taiwan or foreign reference about marine transport and the case study of marine market management. In order to elaborate the scope of this study and set the depth interview subjects. Mainly adopt Grounded Theory Methodology as the basic method for information coding. Hope via the depth interview with those central Taiwan freight forwarder managers in the supply chain, collect all the information then design the facets of business strategy. Using proposed five facets included assets, threat, weakness, consequence and possibility of current freight forwarder’s operation risk, analyze it by LC risk matrix, clarify the target that threat enough to impact the business security. Further to elaborate the action strategy to reduce the operation risk. Base on the content of depth interview, to carry out the SWOT framework analyze. Classification and coding to get the program-oriented strategic planning result. Expect to provide central Taiwan freight forwarders supply chain for the future management strategy that fully explore and take advantage of the existing internal and external strengths and opportunities, to enhance the market competitiveness. Recognize in the difficult position of internal and external weakness and threats, set and execute correct measures to improve and effective coping strategy. Then provide the workable responsive strategy in the scope of research, also propose specific suggestion for the related research for the follow up.