摘要 隨著全球定期航運市場的競爭激烈與油價上漲趨勢,定期航商往往透過策略聯盟來增加其競爭優勢,來減少進入一個新市場或航線與運輸成本上的風險。策略聯盟雖有許多優點,但由於是與別人合作,有許多的狀況非自身可以掌握,因此策略聯盟亦存在許多的不穩定性和相對低的成功率(Das and Teng, 2001)。而進行風險管理可以減低策略聯盟風險發生的機率,增加策略聯盟之成效。 本研究以台灣地區之定期航運業與船務代理業為研究對象,根據文獻辨識,並藉由探索性因素分析辨識出相關風險因素構面,並建立合作風險對風險控制機制關聯分析,進一步研究是否會影響航商參與策略合作的意願。 研究結果得知,台灣地區定期航運業「關係風險」、「績效風險」會減少「未來聯盟意願」,定期航運業「關係風險控制機制」對於「關係風險」能有效控制,「績效風險控制機制」對於「績效風險」能有效控制,定期航運業「關係風險控制機制」、「績效風險控制機制」能夠增加「未來聯盟意願」,希望本研究結果能提供給定期航運業進行聯盟合作的參考。
Abstract Global liner shipping market has competition and the price of oil has risen. Liner shipping carries widely use strategic alliance to increase their competitive advantage and to reduce transportation costs and risks while entering a new market or route. Although strategic alliance has many advantages, there are some situations cannot be controlled result in instability or failure of alliance. Risk management can reduce risk of strategic alliance and increase the effectiveness of strategic alliance. This research is from the view of risk of strategy alliance to explore the hazard of strategy alliance in liner shipping and to test the validity of risk control mechanisms of strategy alliance for liner shipping carries. The results indicated that relationship risk and performance risk of the liner shipping carriers have significant influence to the cooperation intention of carriers in the future. In addition, the risk control mechanisms available reduce the risks. Finally, the risk control mechanisms have significant influence to the cooperation intention of liner shipping carriers in the future. The liner shipping carriers can adopt the suggestions of this research to reduce cooperation risk.