論病人自主與善終法制-以病人自主權利法為中心

A Research of Patient Autonomy and Good Death Law-Focusing on Patient Right to Autonomy Act

張智閔(Jhih-Min Chang)

指導教授 ： 張婷

嶺東科技大學/財經學院/財經法律研究所/碩士(2019年)

摘要

人的權利能力是與生俱來的，「始於出生、終於死亡」，但凡是人在尚未死亡之前，均擁有身為一個人應該的權利能力。
死亡這件事不單只是老年人才需要面對，任何人都可能會面臨死亡，因為我們永遠不知道明天跟意外哪一個會先到來，所以我們都需要提前做好準備。
我國病人自主權利法第8條規定，具完全行為能力之人，得為預立醫療決定，但不適用於臺灣7歲以上未滿20歲以下之限制行為能力人以及未滿7歲或受監護宣告之無行為能力人，仍由其父母代為決定預立醫療決定。
建議修法讓限制行為能力人，可在法定代理人書面同意下，經二位具相關專科醫師資格之醫師確診，並經緩和醫療團隊至少二次照會確認，得為預立醫療決定，而未滿7歲或受監護宣告之無行為能力人則不建議放寬限制。

關鍵字

憲法、生命權、病人自主權、病人自主權利法、安寧緩和醫療條例

並列摘要

The ability of human rights is innate. "Begins birth and finally dies." But before anyone else has died, he has the right to be a person.
Death is not just for the elderly, but anyone can face death because we never know which one will come tomorrow and tomorrow, so we all need to be prepared in advance.
Article 8 of the Patient Autonomy Rights Act of China stipulates that a person with full capacity for action may be determined for advance medical treatment, but it does not apply to persons with limited capacity who are under 7 years of age and under 20 years of age in Taiwan and under 7 years of age or under supervision. Declared incapacitated person.
It is recommended that the person who has the ability to restrict the behavior can be diagnosed by two physicians with relevant specialist qualifications with the written consent of the legal representative, and confirmed by the mitigation medical team at least twice, which may be a pre-determined medical decision. A person who is 7 years of age or who is under the supervision of a guardian does not recommend a relaxation of restrictions.

並列關鍵字

Constitution ； Right to Life ； Patient Autonomy Rights ； Patient Right to Autonomy Act ； Hospice Palliative Care Act

參考文獻

一、 中文

(一) 專書(依姓氏筆畫排序)

1. 李震山，人性尊嚴與人權保障，元照出版有限公司，2011年10月。

(二) 期刊(依姓氏筆畫排序)

1. 王正仁，安寧緩和醫療簡介，台北市醫師公會會刊，第50卷第8期，2006年8月，頁32。