從客製化喪禮規劃探討殯葬業經營之轉型

研究者從事殯葬工作十餘年，常捫心自問：「除了商業利益之外，殯葬從業人員提供的這些服務真的是家屬和往生者要的嗎？而在家屬痛失親人悲傷慌亂之際，我們所提供給家屬的是專業建議或者是利益導向呢？」因此，本研究將殯葬業視之為助人的「志業」目標，就是希望盡一己之力，讓喪禮能夠落實到「以人為本」的訴求。本研究著重在論述現代殯葬業經營型態與喪禮儀式探討，並以文獻分析與個案訪談，深入探討現代殯葬業經營的型態、經營上的困境、傳統喪禮中的科儀、喪禮的參與者、客製化喪禮之優勢與展望。本論文主要以探討客製化喪禮的規劃為研究主題，以一年以上、兩年以內家中辦理過喪事的五位家屬為研究對象，透過深度訪談，從五位家屬的口述資料當中，深入瞭解從親人臨終之前的處理、死亡後的喪葬事宜安排與執行、對於喪禮規劃的意見與生命教育的啟示。本研究目的如下：一、探討殯葬處理過程所蘊涵的意義。二、分析喪禮處理過程對家屬的撫慰作用。三、評估喪禮處理完成之後家屬的體認與感受。四、探討家屬對客製化喪禮與傳統喪禮感受的差異。謹將研究所得歸納為對經營上實務作法，提供殯葬從業人員面對消費者不同需求的因應參考。

關鍵字

客製化喪禮；喪禮規劃；殯葬業；生命教育

並列摘要

The researcher has worked in the funeral business for over ten years, always ask himself：「In addition to business interests, the funeral services are the deceased person and the family members really want? When the family members lost their loved ones in the sad occasion of panic, whether we provide professional advices to family members or benefits is oriented ?」 Therefore, this study is the 「goal in life」for the funeral business as to help others. Hope to do our best part to let the funeral can be implemented to 「People-oriented」. This research focuses on the management style of the modern funeral business and the funeral ceremony. Through the document investigation and case interviews depth discussion the pattern of the modern funeral management, operational difficulties, traditional funeral ceremony, participants in the funeral, and customized funeral advantages and prospects. This purpose of this research is to explore the customized funeral plan. The research subjects are the five family members more than one year within two years at home for the funeral. Through case interviews, oral information from among the five families, for the depth understanding of their loved ones before dying from the treatment, after the death of funeral arrangements and implementation plan for the views of the funeral and life education. The research is to accomplish the following four main points: First, understand the funeral process and the meaning behind the implication. Second, analysis the funeral process soothing effects on the family. Third, after the funeral processing is completed to realize the feelings of the families. Fourth, the difference experience from the traditional funeral and the customized funeral for the family members. The research on the practice of management practices to provide funeral practitioners face in response to the different needs of the consumer reference.