葡萄與葡萄細胞乙醇萃取物對抑制酪胺酸酶活性之效能評估

The inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from fresh grape and grape cell on mushroom tyrosinase activity

薛煜彬(Yu-Pin Hsueh)

指導教授 ： 許成光

亞洲大學/健康學院/生物科技學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

在生物體內，當酪胺酸酶分解某些受質，如： L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine （L-dopa）可導致黑色素的形成。本研究分別探討巨峰葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.kyoho）與紅地球葡萄（Vitis vinifera L. red globe）之葡萄皮、葡萄籽，以及葡萄癒傷組織細胞、紅地球葡萄籽細胞之乙醇萃取物對酪胺酸酶分解 L-dopa 活性的影響，以評估葡萄與葡萄細胞做為皮膚保養品的可行性。本實驗中酪胺酸酶活性以分解 L-dopa 在分光光度計 475 nm 下所偵測 dopachrome 的生成量為指標。實驗數據指出，葡萄籽與葡萄皮都具有抑制酪胺酸酶分解 L-dopa 的作用。巨峰葡萄籽與葡萄皮的乙醇萃取物對酪胺酸酶的抑制作用並無明顯的差異；但紅地球葡萄籽乙醇萃取物的抑制作用則遠高於其葡萄皮。故就二種葡萄整體而言，可知巨峰葡萄的乙醇萃取物之抑制作用較紅地球葡萄為佳。此外，二種葡萄細胞的乙醇萃取物僅有些微抑制酪胺酸酶活性的效果，其抑制率為 8.96 ~ 30.61 ％。在酵素動力學上，各種抑制物皆對酪胺酸酶的抑制形態皆現混合型抑制作用。

關鍵字

酪胺酸酶 ； 葡萄 ； 葡萄細胞 ； 抑制作用

並列摘要

Abstract
In living organisms, melanin can be formed by enzymatic reaction of tyrosinase with certain substrates such as L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa). The objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of seed and peel ethanol extracts from kyoho grape and red globe grape on tyrosinase activity. Ethanol extracts of grape cells derived from Vitis vinifera L.Gamayreaux callus and red globe grape seed were also tested to evaluate the potential of using grape as the source for skin care. The activity of tyrosinase was defined as the reactive rate to hydrolyze L-dopa into dopachrome, which can be detected at OD475. The results indicated that both the extracts from grape seed and peel showed inhibitory effect on the activity of mushroom tyrosinase. The inhibitory influence was not significant between the extracts from kyoho grape seed and peel; however, the influence was significantly higher in grape seed extract than grape peel extract in red globe grape. Therefore, ethanol extract from kyoho grape was considered to have higher inhibitory effect toward mushroom tyrosinase than ethanol extract from red globe grape. Ethanol extracts from the grape cells showed slight influence on mushroom tyrosinase activity, the inhibition rate was only 9-31%. Analysis of enzyme kinetics revealed that all the extracts showed mixed-type inhibition toward mushroom tyrosinase activity.

並列關鍵字

tyrosinase ； grape ； grape cell ； Inhibition effect

參考文獻

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