藥物濫用者戒癮認知與戒癮途徑之研究

The Study of Drug Abuser's Abstinence Cognition and Approach

蔡教仁(Jiau-Ren Tsai)

指導教授 ： 龍紀萱

亞洲大學/人文社會學院/社會工作學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

目標：本研究旨在了解藥物濫用者基本特性、使用毒品經驗、戒癮認知與戒癮途徑之關聯性，並分析探討其相關主要影響因素。
方法：採調查研究法，於2008年2月間藉由自編結構式問卷在某戒治所，以集體送收的方式收集相關資料，以統計分析了解成癮戒治途徑及其相關影響因素。共回收問卷376份，有效回收率95.67％。
結果：藥物濫用者，平均年齡40.99歲，第一次接觸毒品平均26.43歲，使用毒品平均8.8年，每週的毒品花費平均10,288元，以使用安非它命與海洛因者居多、多數人曾嘗試自行戒癮。戒癮認知：對於「上癮之壞處」與「戒除之好處」的認知程度均高於平均數。戒癮認知預測因子：怕影響自己名聲而想戒毒、怕繼續吸食毒品下去會沒前途而想戒毒、非習慣吸食安非他命，其戒癮認知程度愈高。戒癮途徑預測因子：選擇以自己意志、家人或朋友幫忙、進入司法戒治所為主要戒癮途徑者，其重要預測因子為戒癮認知。
結論：整體而言，藥物濫用者大都處於青壯年階段，反覆在吸毒與戒癮之間徘徊，雖多數認為戒癮是很重要且願意付出行動，但仍成效不彰，而結果亦顯示當「自我意志」強，且有「家人或朋友」的支持、排除「環境的干擾」將為主要影響戒除毒品之因素。
建議：加強藥物濫用者本身的意志與決心、親友支持系統以及政府積極作為，將能有效成功戒癮。

關鍵字

藥物濫用 ； 戒癮認知 ； 戒癮途徑

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate substance abusers’ basic characteristics, past drug experience, their understanding towards rehabilitation, abstinence approach of drug and related approaches’ relevance, and to analyze factors which change the results.
Method: This is an investigation study, done during February, 2008. Data is collected from a rehabilitation institution, through self-compiled, structured questionnaires. Later computing was done to reveal how drug addition came about and elements that influence. 376 valid drug abuser samples were collected, accounting for 95.67% of the total questionnaires.
Results: The drug abusers’ average age is 40.99 years old; the first drug use occurred at the age of 26.43 on average, with 8.8 years of usage; the respondents spent 10,288 New Taiwan dollars on drugs every week. Amphetamine and heroin were the most popular drugs and most drug abuser once attempted quitting the addiction on their own. Abstinence cognition: Understanding toward undesirable side effects of addiction and benefits of abstinence is higher than the mean value. Predictors of abstinence cognition: Respondents who have concerns over how taking drugs would tarnish one’s name, fears of losing one’s future, non-usual amphetamine of abstinence cognition. Predictors of abstinence approaches: Abstinence cognition is important predictors of his/her own will, supports from family members or friends, to enter the rehabilitation institution.
Conclusions: In general, most drug abusers are in their primes, but linger in and out drug addiction; although most recognize the fact that quitting drug addiction is important and are willing to act, their attempts still end up ineffective. Results also showed that when "self-determination" is strong, and there is a family member or friend to support, the interference environment will be the main factors affecting quitting drugs.
Recommendations: Drug abusers, their own will and determination, their relatives and the Government’s actively supporting the system will dominate the result of quitting a drug addiction.

並列關鍵字

drug abuse ； abstinence cognition ； abstinence approach

參考文獻

潘玉菁、唐麗慧、陳國東(1998)。藥物濫用危險因子。疫情報導，14(11)：386-392。

安辰赫(2003)。治療社區中成年男性藥癮者戒癮復原歷程之改變因子研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。

林宗穎(2002)。一般化犯罪理論對受保護管束之毒品犯罪者再犯之研究。靜宜大學青少年兒童福利學所碩士論文。

張京文(2004)。國軍藥物濫用成因及再犯之研究。政治作戰學校軍事社會行為科學研究所碩士論文。

張英陣、鄭麗珍、彭淑華譯(1998)。社會福利與社會工作。臺北：洪葉。