探討國民中學教師對人類胚胎幹細胞研究的認知

The Study of the Recognition of Junior High School Teachers on the Embroynic Stem Cell Research

謝淑如(Shu-Ju Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 黃英家

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

胚胎幹細胞研究具有相當大醫療潛力，可用在治療目前無法治癒的疾病。目前在一些動物試驗中，也已經證實胚胎幹細胞的確具有治療一些疾病的能力。但是，人類胚胎幹細胞研究仍頗受爭議，除了取得人類胚胎幹細胞必需毀壞原有的胚胎外，還有複製人的疑慮。在政策方面，世界各國對於胚胎幹細胞的政策並不相同，有的是完全禁止，而有些國家採用較為寬鬆的政策。許多西方國家在政策制訂上會徵詢公眾的意見。而國內尚未發表「胚胎幹細胞研究的認知」之相關研究，使得本研究有強烈的動機想要去了解國內對於胚胎幹細胞研究的看法。本研究的主要目的為了解國中教師對人類胚胎幹細胞研究認知的情形。
本研究選擇以國中教師作為調查的對象，問卷的調查範圍為台中縣、市的公立國中，以分層隨機集群抽樣的方式來決定要進行施測的學校。研究中運用結構方程模式（Structural equation modeling）理論，並使用SPSS 12.0與Amos 7.0統計軟體進行分析處理。研究的結構方程模式架構包含了三個層面－「文化環境」、「學習動機」和「對胚胎幹細胞研究認知」。
研究結果顯示國中教師多是以正面的看法來看待胚胎幹細胞研究，並認為要以尊重的態度來看待胚胎的道德地位。個人的因素如「授課領域」、「任教年資」、「學校規模」、「宗教信仰」、「有無聽過胚胎幹細胞」和「在三個月內有無聽聞過胚胎幹細胞研究的相關報導」皆對胚胎幹細胞研究認知有顯著性的影響。研究結果發現「文化環境」與「學習動機」之間呈現顯著正相關，亦指出「學習動機」能顯著地正向影響國中教師對人類胚胎幹細胞研究的認知，但是，「文化環境」需透過「學習動機」，才能產生間接正向的影響力。教育機關應強制教師參加生命科學教育研習、制訂生命科學教育必修學分及設立網路學習平台，以提升教師對胚胎幹細胞研究的認知。未來政府在制訂人類胚胎及胚胎幹細胞研究的相關法案時，應廣徵研究人員、專家、民眾或產業等各方面的意見，使得法律能兼顧產業需求與社會的倫理道德標準。

關鍵字

人類胚胎幹細胞研究 ； 國中教師 ； 結構方程模式

並列摘要

Embryonic stem cell research has a great potential in the medical treatment, which can be used to treat some diseases that are currently unable to cure. At present, the embryonic stem cells are indeed proved in some animal tests that they have the ability for treating some diseases. But, human embryonic stem cell research is a controversial issue. Because it must destroy an original embryo for obtaining human embryonic stem cells, and the public also concerned about the issue of human cloning. In the policy aspect, all countries in the world face the embryonic stem cell research with different strategies. Some countries fully forbid this research, and some of others allow this kind of research to proceed within regulated restrictions. Many western countries survey the public attitudes on this issue for making their policy. Up to now, researches related to “the recognition on the embryonic stem cell research” have not been published in Taiwan, which raises a strong motivation of this study. The main purpose in this study is in order to understand the recognition of the junior high school teachers on the human embryonic stem cell research.
Junior high school teachers are the subjects in this study, and the Junior high schools in Taichung City and County are surveyed regions. The cluster sampling method is used to select the target schools. The structural equation modeling theory is applied in this study, and SPSS 12.0 and Amos 7.0 are used in the statistics for analyzing data. There are three latent variables－〝cultural environment〞,〝learning motive〞, and〝the recognition on embryonic stem cell research〞constitute the framework of structural equation modeling in this study.
The researching result shows that most junior high school teachers take a positive attitude towards the embryonic stem cell research, and think that we should respect the moral status of an embryo. Personal factors like〝teaching field〞,〝working seniority〞,〝size of school〞,〝religion〞,〝whether heard about embryonic stem or not〞and〝had ever been heard reports about embryonic stem cell research within three months〞all have significant influences on the recognition of embryonic stem cell. The results show that there is a significantly positive correlation between〝culture environment〞and〝learning motive〞, and also indicate “learning motive” can significantly and positively influence the recognition of the junior high school teachers on the human embryonic stem cell research. However,〝culture environment〞produces indirectly positive influence on the〝the recognition on embryonic stem cell research〞through〝learning motive〞. The educational institution should force teachers to take a study on the education of life science, establish a prescribed credit course of life science and set up a Web learning platform for improving the recognition of teachers on the human embryonic stem cell research. In the future, the government should ask the opinions from scientists, specialists, public or business companies before setting up the regulations related to human embryo and embryonic stem cell research. This action can make the regulations both suitable for the requirements of business companies and for the standard of morality.

並列關鍵字

human embryonic stem cells research ； junior high school teacher ； structural equation modeling

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