The research discusses mainland China before reform and open policy,the monetary system is certainly unimportant in the overall economydevelopment role, the monetary system is only regarded as under thecentral planned economy system the fund storage, must accept theadministrative system to the fund assignment the order, but not independently exercises authority. But after changes, the mainland high economy growth, has the high inflation phenomenon, and then causes the finance disorder. The mainland joins WTO to the financial service industry influence but after the Chinese banking industry to look which opportunities has and the risk existence and discusses these questions and the development opportunity together which the Chinese banking industry exists.