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  • 學位論文

誠實信用原則在遺產及贈與稅法上應用之研究

A Study on the Principle of Good Faith in Estate and Gift Tax

指導教授 : 張進德
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摘要


本論文研製之誠實信用原則在遺產及贈與稅法上應用之研究,人民有納稅的義務,是依憲法第十九條規定:「人民有依法律納稅之義務」而來,反之,政府有向人民課稅的權利,即生權利義務之關係,則行使權利履行義務,應符合相關之規範,其規範的內容如何,租稅法令均付之闕如。不過在民國七十一年之前,原規定於民法債篇第二一九條:「行使債權,履行債務,應依誠實及信用方法。」但在民國七十一年之後,民法修正時,規定在民法總則篇第一四八條增列第二項規定:「行使權利,履行義務,應依誠實及信用方法。」適用於私法上之原則,並不僅限於純粹狹隘債權債務關係。今在人民不履行納稅義務時,政府可以利用司法機關予以強制執行,此行為有滿足政府課稅之效果,與私法上滿足債權人之債權效果無異。故政府的課稅權利與人民的納稅義務有私經濟行為之性質,故上開誠實信用原則亦可適用在租稅法上。而本文所探討之重點,乃在於現行租稅法令之相關規定是否符合誠實信用之原則,而因為租稅法令之範圍相當廣泛,包括:綜合所得稅、營利事業所得稅、營業稅、遺產稅、贈與稅、地價稅、房屋稅、契稅……等,無法全部做介紹,因此,本文僅就遺產及贈與稅法做詳細深入之探討。

並列摘要


According to article 19 of the constitution “people have the obligation to pay taxes in accordance with the law”. Relative to this obligation, people have the right to save taxes in accordance with the law. Otherwise, the government has to the people's assessment right, namely relations fresh right duty, then exercises the right to fulfill the duty, should conform to standard of the correlation. But in front of 1982, the standard gauge is decided civil law debt 219th article: "Exercises the creditor's rights, fulfills the debt, should depend on principle of good faith method." But after 1982, when civil law revision, stipulated increases a row second stipulation in civil law general rule 148th article: "Exercises the right, fulfills the duty, should depend on principle of good faith method." Is suitable on the civil law the principle, and not only is restricted in purely the narrow creditor's rights debt relations. When the people do not fulfill the tax payment duty, the government may enforce using the judicial organ, this behavior has effect of the satisfied government assessment, satisfies creditor's rights of effect not differently the creditor with the civil law on.

參考文獻


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