以限制理論(TOC) 探討先進規劃與排程系統(APS)之成效

A Study of Effectiveness on Theory of Constraints (TOC) Application to Advance Planning and Scheduling System(APS)

蘇書平(su shu p'ing)

指導教授 ： 林新力

亞洲大學/資訊學院/資訊工程學系碩士班/碩士(2004年)

摘要

隨著生產技術與電腦科技的日新月異，過去的生產方式已經無法滿足現今快速變遷的產業模式，以往人工的規劃與需求現在有電腦輔助甚至加以邏輯運算，提供決策者在不同條件下所得到的不同解，而拜科技之所賜，電腦系統整合了許多的邏輯演算法，讓現今的生產規劃能夠快速而準確。 先進規劃與排程 (Advanced Planning and Scheduling; APS) 系統是利用先進的資訊科技及規劃技術，在考量企業資源限制下提供可行的物料需求規劃與生產排程計畫，提供了what-if的分析，可以讓規劃者快速結合生產限制條件與相關資訊(如訂單、途程、存貨、BOM與產能限制等)，以作出平衡企業利益與顧客權益的最佳規劃與決策，滿足顧客需求及面對競爭激烈的市場。是故，APS系統的發展突顯了ERP/MRP的許多限制，然而，APS系統的出現並非是要取代ERP的功能，而是為了強化ERP系統中以傳統MRP規劃邏輯為主的生產規劃與排程的功能，以協助規劃人員對物料與產能作同步且最有效益的生產規劃，進而作為接單的依據。因此，APS系統與ERP系統之間的連結關係相形重要，對於已建置妥ERP的企業來說，如何應用APS系統便成為企業邁進ERP II應用重要的一環。 限制理論（Theory of Constraints；TOC）是以色列物理學家高德拉持（Eligahu. M. Goldratt）於80年代發展出來，用以解決經營管理各種問題點的邏輯思考方法。十餘年來TOC 的理論在實務的運用下，得到良好的成果，近來研究的人越來越多，已形成為一種管理改革的新風潮。 本研究期望透過TOC的手法來探討APS是否已經完全的突顯了ERP/MRP的許多限制，利用現有的系統產出相關的資料進行比較；各模組間的相依規劃透過TOC的手法，檢視是否緊密的結合。

關鍵字

限制理論

並列摘要

he past production method cannot catch up today’s industrial model while production technique and computer technology advance. Computer tools have replaced human planning and provide different solutions under different conditions.
Moreover, computer systems have integrated many algorithms and improved production planning.
APS system utilizes advance information technology and scheduling technique in order to provide inventory monitoring and production scheduling under limited resource. APS system also provides what-if analysis. Planners are able to combine production conditions and relative information in order to making the best decision to satisfy demand and against competitive market. Therefore, the development of APS system points out restrictions of ERP/MRP. However, APS does not try to replace ERP. APS can improve production planning and scheduling functions from traditional MRP logic of ERP. APS is able to assist planners to make most efficient planning to simultaneous with materials and production. Hence, the relation between APS and ERP becomes important. For enterprises that are installed ERP, how to utilize APS has become the important step before achieving the second step of ERP.
In 80s Eligahu M. Goldratt developed TOC to solve management and logical problems. Over ten years TOC has been testify. More and more people are using TOC to improve manage efficiency.
This research tries to point out restrictions of ERP/MRP by discussing APS through TOC. By comparing system information, the research inspects the relative planning between each module through TOC.

並列關鍵字

TOC

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