人格特質、自我效能與工作績效對某醫療體系護理主管的研究

Personality Traits, Self-Efficacy and Job Performance, of Nursing gers in a Health Care System Hospital

湯明芳(MING-FANG TANG)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康產業管理學系健康管理組/碩士(2010年)

摘要

在醫療機構中，護理人員是醫療機構中不可或缺，為數最多的醫療專業人員。在眾多的護理人員中如何選任基層的護理主管，除了工作年資及臨床經驗外，其具有之人格特質、自我效能及工作績效，都可能成為組織的標竿及學習對象，也可能影響工作團隊的效能與績效。自我效能與工作績效間之關係，在其他領域中雖已不斷的被證實。唯獨護理管理上的研究，國內外都相當少見。本研究主要探討護理主管的人格特質、自我效能及其工作績效間的關係。
本研究以中部某醫療體系共八家醫院之護理主管為研究對象，研究工具為一份結構式問卷。其內容包括人格特質(分為親和性、勤勉審慎性、外向性、情緒敏感性/神經質及經驗開放性五大類)、自我效能與工作績效等三個量表以及若干社會人口學變項的量測題目。調查期間為民國99年3月至4月，共發出106份，回收96份有效問卷。資料是以SPSS12.0版進行資料分析。採用的統計方法包括對各自變項之描述性統計（平均值、標準差、百分比等）、t-test、單因子變異數分析、相關分析以及迴歸分析。結果發現護理主管的人格特質與自我效能和工作績效間有顯著的相關。護理主管之親合性、勤勉正直性、外向性的特質愈明顯時所表現的自我效能愈高；護理主管的情緒敏感性特質越明顯，所表現的自我效能較低。護理主管人格特質勤勉正直性特質越明顯者，所表現的工作績效越高。護理主管自我效能越高者，所表現出來的工作績效也越高。研究者建議可將「人格特質」列入主管選任時的評估項目，以增加選才的適切性。管理者可舉辦提升自我效能的訓練課程，增進自我效能信念，進而提昇工作績效。也可舉辦強化主管個人特質，培育主管特質的訓練課程。

關鍵字

人格特質、自我效能、工作績效

並列摘要

In medical institutions, nurses are indispensable to medical institutions, the largest number of medical professionals. How many nurses in the elected head of primary care, in addition to seniority and clinical experience working outside, its a personal, self-efficacy and work performance, may provide an organization with benchmarking and learning objects, also may affect the work team efficiency and performance. Self-efficacy and the relationship between job performance in other areas Although constantly be confirmed. Research on nursing management alone, at home and abroad are quite rare. This study investigated the nursing director of the personality traits, self-efficacy and the relationship between job performance.
To the central hospital of a health care system a total of eight nursing director for the study. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire. The contents include personality traits (divided into affinity, conscientiousness, extraversion, emotional sensitivity / neuroticism, and openness to experience five categories), self-efficacy and job performance scale as well as a number of social demographic variables, the measurement of subject. Survey period was March 99 to April issued a total of 106 questionnaires, 96 valid questionnaires. Data analysis by SPSS12.0. The use of statistical methods including descriptive statistics(mean, standard deviation, percentage, etc.), t-test, One-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis.
The results showed that personality traits and nursing managers self-efficacy and job performance were significantly correlated. Nursing director of affinity, agreeableness, extraversion when the more obvious characteristics of the performance of the higher self-efficacy; nursing the emotional charge of the sensitivity of the more obvious characteristics, the performance of low self-efficacy. Nursing competent personality trait agreeableness were more obvious, the performance of the higher performance. The higher the charge of self-care performance, demonstrated by the higher performance. The researchers suggested to "personality" into the assessment of the project when director elected to increase the relevance of personnel selection. Management can organize training courses to enhance self-efficacy, improve self-efficacy beliefs, and thus enhance their job performance. Can also be organized to strengthen the competent individual characteristics, characteristics of training in charge of training courses.

並列關鍵字

personality traits, self-efficacy, job performance

參考文獻

10.杜金錠（2002）。護理長管理自我效能與管理成效間之相關研究，新台北護理期刊，4（1）：65-76。

17.周惠莉（2003）。五大人格特質、性別角色與轉換型領導關聯性之研究。中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，桃園。

28.孫志麟（1991）。自我效能的基本概念及其在教育上的應用。教育研究雙月刊，22（2）：47-54。

3.王宗鴻（2006）。人格特質、主管領導風格與人力資源管理措施對工作投入與工作績效之影響。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文，桃園。

8.李炳賢（2005）。中階主管的人格特質、領導風格及情緒智力與工作績效關聯之研究－以汽車零件製造業為例。國立成功大學管理學院研究所碩士論文，台南。