國中學生蔬菜水果攝取及健康行為間關係之研究─ 臺中地區樣本分析

Fruit and Vegetable Intakes and Related Factors among the Junior High School Students – A Sample Analysis from Taichung Area, Taiwan

周殷如(Yin-ju Chou)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

國中學生正值發育階段，均衡飲食對其生長發育甚為重要，很多研究發現國中學生飲食不均衡，尤以蔬菜、水果攝取不足最為嚴重。世界各國對於學生的健康行為也特別重視，因此2001年，世界衛生組織(WHO)對全球學校學生健康進行問卷調查(GSHS) ，為了順應國際潮流及探討臺中縣市合併後可能衍生的國中學生健康問題，本研究旨在了解臺中縣市國中學生蔬果攝取的狀況，並探討學生的其他行為和狀況與其蔬果攝取間的關係，希望能在教育層面及合併後地方政府適當資源分配的政策上提供建議。本研究採橫斷式研究，運用GSHS問卷進行國中學生行為調查，以臺中縣市國中學生為研究對象，於民國99年6月間進行問卷調查，共取得有效樣本數607份，所得資料以Spearman相關分析、卡方檢定及邏輯斯迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下：
一、約有四成的國中學生每天攝取三次或以上的蔬菜，只有約二成的學生每天攝取二次獲以上的水果。
二、臺中縣國中學生水果攝取頻率不足的可能性顯著較臺中市者為高。
三、學生們的個人衛生習慣、家庭的保護因素與其蔬果攝取行為呈正相關；年級、身體活動等則與蔬果攝取呈負相關。
學校及家庭應提供學生的蔬果攝取的可近性，並透過教育宣導強調蔬果攝取的重要性以增進學生的蔬果攝取。

關鍵字

蔬菜攝取 ； 水果攝取 ； 國中學生 ； GSHS問卷

並列摘要

Having a balanced diet is important to middle school students who are growing. Research has shown that middle high school students have the problem of having unbalanced diet, especially the insufficient intake in vegetables and fruits. The health and nutrition of the middle school students has been one of the prioritized issues of the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO has developed a world-wide surveillance system, namely, the Global Students Heath Survey (GSHS) to watch the students’ health behaviors and conditions? Fruit and vegetable intake is one of the key issues to be investigated in the survey. The purpose of this study was to determine the fruit and vegetable intake and the relationship between vegetable and fruit intake and other health related behaviors and conditions of the middle school students in Taichung County and Taichung City to provide information for educational and and other resources allocation for policy makers in the future.
This study used a cross-sectional study design and adeopted the GSHS survey questionnaire to examine middle school students’ health related behavior. The population studied was the jounior high school students of Taichung County and Taichung City registrated in the year of 2010. The questionnaire survey was conducted during the time of June 2010. A total of 607 students answered and returned the questionnaire for this analysis. The statistical methods adopted for the data analysis are Spearman correlation analysis, Chi-square test and Binary Logistic Regression. The main results are as followings:
1. About 40% of the students reported having vegetable 3 times or more a day; 20% of the students reported having fruit 2 times or more a day.
2. Students from Taichung County were more likely to have insufficient fruit intake compared with that of the students from Taichung City. No significant difference in vegetable intake has been found between the students from the city and the county.
3. Positive associations have been found between personal health practice, family protection factors and vegetable and fruit intake; negative associations have been found between grade level, physical activities and vegetable and fruit intake.
Schools and families should make the efforts on the accessibility of vegetable and fruit intake and emphasize on the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption. Providing more vegetable and fruit in school lunch and providing effective food and nutrition education for the students is recommended.

並列關鍵字

vegetable intake ； fruit intake ； middle high school students ； GSHS questionnaire

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