小型電子電器廢棄物回收之研究—以臺灣智慧型手機回收行為為例

智慧型手機是小型電子電器中非常典型的代表，因為體機小不佔空間，當其被使用者因購買新手機後汰換閒置的狀況也非常普遍並且逐年增加，但手機的機身所含有的貴金屬，是可以回收精鍊後再利用的城市礦，在產品生產中能夠使用這些城市礦而產少原礦的開採對環境永續發展會是一大助益，但是目前各國手機回收數量都非常有限，手機回收率的提升，成為一個值得研究的課題，也是開發這一具有潛力的城市礦的第一步。本研究依計畫行為理論為基礎設計訪談大綱，針對八位已有手機回收經驗的行為人進行訪談，以質性分析的方法來探討這些已有手機回收經驗的行為人，為何會採取回收手機的行為，研究結果顯示有手機回收的行為人，1. 對於回收手機的態度都是正面的，但並不是只針對手機回收而是全面的對家中不再需要用到的物資都會做回收，2. 手機回收的主觀規範，除了已有此行為的家人會互相影響外，對於環保署的手機回收推動活動和手機廠商的回饋活動並不清楚，3.因為都能找到適合自己的回收管道和知道怎麼刪除手機上的資料，在知覺行為控制度/實際行為控制度都是高的， 4. 在回饋金方面，因為是將不再使用的手機做為廢棄物處理，因此不以金錢回饋為衡量來決定是否要採取回收的行為。綜上，會有手機回收的行為人都會定期或不定期的檢視家中是否有不需要的物件，並做出分類回收的行為，這也符合環保署推廣的手機回收步驟：檢、刪、排，的第一個步驟。如果沒有這第一個步驟，則民眾不會有後續的操作，而手機這個體積小，厚度不到一公分的小型電子電器，就非常有可能在民眾的抽屜或櫃子中被遺忘，因此，賦予這個檢視回收手機行為一個對環境永續發展的意義，鼓勵民眾參與，對於提升廢棄手機回收乃至於各類小型電子電器廢棄物之回收以利循環經濟的發展會有助益。

關鍵字

智慧型手機；回收行為；計畫行為理論；小型電子電器廢棄物

並列摘要

Smartphones are one of a very typical representative of small electronic devices due to the small size which does not take up much space. It is also very easy for users to replace them after purchase a new one. Therefore, the number of idle smartphones increased year by year. However, smartphones carries some precious metal such as gold, silver, etc. which can be refined and reused. It is an urban mine. The use of these urban mines in product production and the mining of less raw ores will be a great help to the sustainable development of the environment. However, the smartphone recycling rate is pretty low. How to raise the smartphone recycling rate is a interested study since it’s the first step to develop this protential urban mines. This study conducts interviews with eight people who have experience in smartphone recycling. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior to design the interview outline. Using qualitative analysis method to explore why these people who have experience in recycling smarphones choose to recycle their smartphone. The research results show that those who recycle their smartphones: 1. have a positive attitude towards recycling smartphone, but not only smartphone, they comprehensively recycle materials that are no longer needed at home, 2. The subjective norm of the smartphone recycling is not play the role for these peole except that family members who have already acted will influence each other. These people do not recognize the EPA's smartphone recycling promotion activities and smartphone manufacturers' reward activities. 3. The perceived behavior control degree/actual behavior control degree are both high because these people can find suitable recycling channels and know how to delete mobile phones According to the data above. 4. The money reward does not the key point for these people to determine whether or not to recycling their unused smartpohone. Because the ununsed smartphone is treated as waste. To sum up, those who recycle their smarphone will regularly or irregularly check whether there are unwanted objects in their homes, and take action to sorting and recycling. This behavior in line with the first step of smartphone recycling steps promoted by the Environmental Protection Administration: check, delete , recycle. Without this first step, none of the follow-up operations will happen. Especially for Smartphone, a small electronic device with a small size and a thickness of less than one centimeter, is very likely to be forgotten in the drawers or cabinets. Therefore, giving the significance meaning of recycling smartphones to the sustainable development of the environment will encouraging people to participate this behavior. Which will be helpful for improving the recycling of discarded smartphones and even the recycling of various small e-waste to facilitate the development of circular economy.