跨越邊界與話語反思－試論希理斯•米勒的解構主義翻譯觀

二十世紀的科學主義思潮對於人類思維範式產生了重要影響，這些影響在現代學術研究話語中表現得尤為明顯。自上世紀70年代現代翻譯學建立以來，這種思維範式是否也影響到它的話語陳述方式？如果產生了影響，它又是如何影響著這門年輕學科的話語生成方式？它又對現代西方翻譯研究的主流話語模式的特色形成產生了何種影響？本文試將運用解構批評方法，以現代思想家兼文學批評家米勒為研究個案來對上述問題展開討論，重點考察他就翻譯問題發表的相關論述及其譯論話語的呈現方式。自上世紀末葉以來，西方的譯論界出現了一個驚人的翻譯理論繁榮期。此間的翻譯研究出現了一大新趨勢，就是在研究方法上逐漸朝著跨學科綜合性的方向發展。這主要表現在不同領域的學者都涉足於翻譯研究，並就翻譯問題提出一些頗具建樹性的理論，從而為當今翻譯理論的繁榮起到了重要作用。有鑒於此，本文試圖在解構主義互文語境中，結合相關的現代西方翻譯理論思想，對當今的解構主義批評家米勒就翻譯問題提出的若干假說，如翻譯即跨越邊界、翻譯產生雙重文本、以及相關的嫁接說、不可譯性等問題進行剖析。同時還將對米勒就翻譯理論發表論述的方式進行分析，並在當今學術研究大潮中就其話語呈述方式提出自己的反思意見，以此來說明這種解構批評的真實意圖。

關鍵字

翻譯；解構主義；跨越邊界；雙重文本；不可譯性；嫁接；話語方式

並列摘要

The 20th century has witnessed a great impact of the scientific trend upon the way of human thinking. It is extremely obvious in the mode of discourse in modern academic studies. Does such way of thinking also influence the mode of discourse in modern translation study since it came into being during the 1 970s? If it does, what kind of influence it has exerted towards the mode of discourse in this comparatively new discipline? And what sort of impact it has upon the characteristic features of the dominant mode of discourse in modern western translation studies? This paper proposes to use the deconstructive approach to address these questions through a study of a modern thinker and critic J. Hillis Miller and his views on translation. Since the turn of the 20th century, there is an astonishing translation theory boom in the world. It has been accompanied manifestly by an interdisciplinary approach in translation studies. And this has intrinsically accounted for the current prosperity of translation studies in the West. With the insight to the modern western translation theories, the present study examines Miller's rhetorical mode of discourse and his major constructive ideas on translation theories. It discusses his views such as defining translation as border crossings, translation as the double production of texts, translation as grafting, and his thinking on translatability. Meanwhile, an intertextual analysis of his discourse on translation within the framework of deconstructive theories is presented. And some reflections on the mode of discourse in the present translation criticisms are brought forth; and the current state of translation theories is evaluated, as is the particular approach to translation studies elaborated in this paper