血液透析之檢體採集技術

Specimen Collection Techniques of Hemodialysis

吳淑貞(Shu-Jen Wu) ； 葉庭豪(Ting-Hao Yeh) ； 黃小倩(Hsiau-Chien Hwang) ； 楊紹佑(Shao-Yu Yang) ； 林水龍(Shuei-Liong Lin)

《腎臟與透析》 27卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 70-73

https://doi.org/10.6340/KD.2015.27(2).05

摘要

血液透析的適當性提高透析患者的存活率，減少疾病的併發症和死亡率。臨床上評估血液透析劑量的指標為尿素氮降低率（urea reduction ratio, URR）及Kt／V。尿素氮降低率至少要在65%以上，可減少併發症；足夠的血液透析劑量至少要在Kt／V ≥ 1.2，才能維護透析病人的健康。透析場所需每月以標準一致性流程採集血液樣本，以達到數值的準確性。除了單一透析治療的尿素廓清率來評估透析量，仍應評估病人的營養狀態、高血壓、貧血狀態、酸血症、血磷的高低、發炎指數，才更臻完整。

關鍵字

血液透析的適當性 ； 尿素氮降低率 ； 血清尿素氮的廓清率 ； 檢體採集

並列摘要

Adequacy of hemodialysis increases the survival rate of the patients on hemodialysis, and reduces the morbidity and mortality rate. Clinically, URR (urea reduction ratio) and Kt/V are parameters that can evaluate the adequacy of hemodialysis. URR should be more than 65% to reduce complication rate. For adequacy of hemodialysis, Kt/V should be equal to or larger than 1.2, to maintain the health status of hemodialysis patients. Dialysis centers should use a consistent, standard protocol to collect blood samples, to achieve accuracy of laboratory data. In addition to Kt/V, we should also evaluate the patients' nutritional status, blood pressure, severity of anemia, extent of metabolic acidosis, serum level of phosphate, and inflammatory markers, to complete assessment of dialysis adequacy.

並列關鍵字

adequacy of hemodialysis ； urea reduction ratio (URR) ； Kt/V ； specimen collection