慢性腎臟病病人維生素及礦物質之建議與補充

Vitamin and Mineral Recommendation and Supplementation for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

吳紅蓮(Hung-Lien Wu)

《腎臟與透析》 32卷1期 (2020/03) Pp. 44-49

https://doi.org/10.6340/KD.202003_32(1).0010

摘要

慢性腎臟病（chronic kidney disease, CKD）病人的維生素與礦物質可能會有不足或過量的風險，起因於攝取不當、代謝改變、干擾吸收或透析治療中流失。目前對CKD病人的維生素與微量營養素並未有完備的建議劑量。水溶性維生素若要補充不要大於對健康成人的每日建議量，如每日B1：1.2 mg、B2：1.3 mg、B6：5.0 mg、葉酸（folic acid）1.0 mg；脂溶性維生素不需補充，除了維生素D 則依檢驗結果與生理需求補充；礦物質中每日磷攝取應小於800 mg，鈣小於2,000 mg（含磷結合劑的鈣），鈉小於2,000 mg，鉀小於2,000 mg，鐵與鋅則依檢驗結果與生理需求補充。

關鍵字

維生素 ； 礦物質 ； 慢性腎臟病

並列摘要

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk of both deficiency or excess of vitamins and minerals. It is due to inadequate vitamins or micronutrients intake, changes in metabolism, interference with absorption or excessive loss of during dialysis therapy. At present, recommendations for vitamins and micronutrients supplementation in patients with CKD are not well established. Supplementation of water-soluble vitamins should not be greater than the recommended daily requirements doses for normal adults, such as B1, 1.2 mg; B2, 1.3 mg; B6, 5.0 mg; folic acid, 1.0 mg per day. Fat-soluble vitamins should not be supplied, except vitamin D. Supplementation of vitamin D should be based on the laboratory results and physiological needs. In terms of minerals ingestion, daily phosphorus intake should be less than 800 mg, calcium less than 2,000 mg (including calcium-containing phosphorus binders), sodium less than 2,000 mg, and potassium less than 2,000 mg. It is suggested to supply iron and zinc according to the laboratory values and clinical status of the patients.

並列關鍵字

vitamins ； minerals ； chronic kidney disease