吸菸：牙周病的危險因子

Cigarette Smoking: A risk Factor for Periodontal Diseases

凌莉珍(Li-Jane Ling) ； 黃惠華(Huey-Hwa Hwang) ； 謝依蓁(I-Chen Hsieh)

《中華民國牙周病醫學會雜誌》 1卷1期 (1996/09) Pp. 9-16

摘要

吸菸，可說是二十世紀非常流行的一種行為。從1952年第一篇菸害報告發表之後，人們才逐漸了解到吸菸對健康的不良影響。目前已知吸菸是許多疾病的「危險因子」，香菸中的有害物質尼古丁，會造成心跳加速，血壓上升，周邊血管收縮，骨骼肌鬆弛，胃排空速率減緩及胃酸分泌減少。研究中發現，尼古丁會對中性白血球功能具有抑制作用，亦會影響纖維母細胞對牙根表面的附著能力，但對牙周致病菌則無影響。對牙周病的進行，吸菸已證實會加速牙周附連全喪失，齒槽骨破壞，牙齒掉落，影響牙周病的盛行率及嚴重度，並會干擾牙周病治療的療效。本文將藉由文獻探討，就吸菸與牙周病間的關係，作一整理。

並列摘要

Smoking has been associated with a number of pathoses, including cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, gastrointestinal, and obstructive lung diseases. Although the effect of smoking on periodontal health has been discussed for at least four decades, until recently, the data supporting this association were considered inconclusive. During the last decade, a number of studies using modern epidemiologic and statistical methods have documented strong associations between cigarette smoking and attachment loss, alveolar bone loss, tooth loss, and the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. In addition, smokers have also been reported to have a poorer healing response with periodontal therapy. Therefore, smoking is believed to be a risk factor for periodontal disease now. This paper will review the possible underlying pathogenesis for periodontal tissue and the role of cigarette smoking in relation to periodontal diseases and their treatments.

並列關鍵字

smoking ； periodonatal disease ； risk factor