從兩種文化到“科技與社會”

From Two Cultures to STS

林崇熙(Chung-His Lin)

《通識教育季刊》 7卷4期 (2000/12) Pp. 39-58

https://doi.org/10.6745/JGE.200012_7(4).0003

摘要

代表著「理性」與「進步」的科技並無法令人們的生活更加安樂，反而常常帶來更多嚴重的問題。我們既然無法拒絕科技文明而回復到原始社會，就需檢討與面對科技文化。臺灣過去數十年受到「兩種文化」談法的影響，將「科技」與「人文」對立來思考，儘管進行諸多「溝通」與「會談」，卻仍然走不出死胡同。本文以「科技與社會」(STS)的概念，企圖論證：透過對科技文化的社會性格考察，對人文學者而言，打開了科技的黑箱，瞭解了科技的意識型態、政治經濟學、與權力運作，可不再陷入科技權威的籠罩；對科技專家而言，有助於反省自身領域的發展樣態與盲點；對社會大眾而言，在避免專家獨裁或專業壟斷後，可使思考不再趨於單一化，有助於價值多元的發展。因此，STS素養將可為通識教育的重要一環。

關鍵字

科技與社會 ； 兩種文化 ； 通識教育

並列摘要

Science as a representation of rationality and progress may not bring stability to people's lives, but may instead bring more and more serious problems. We must accept and examine scientific culture for we are unable to return to primitive society. Limited by the discourse of ”the Two Cultures,” -a science independent from the humanities-Taiwanese cannot seem to find a way out of the dilemma even after countless discussions and conferences. Based on the concept of STS (Science, Technology, and Society), this study asserts that for specialists in the humanities, through the examination of the social characteristics of scientific culture, people may open up the blackbox of science and begin to understand scientific ideology, political economics, and the function of power. Thus, people can free themselves from scientific authorities. For scientists, the STS examination can assist them to retrospectively conceptualize conditions and invisible points of their fields. The public, too, can think about the issues more clearly and thoroughly without the need for ”guidance” by so-called experts. The existing values can be developed in diverse ways. Consequently, the ideas of STS can play a significant role in general education.

並列關鍵字

STS ； Two Cultures ； General Education