安寧緩和護理人員的壓力源、壓力反應與調適策略之探討

A Study of Hospice Nurses' Resource of Stress, Response and Coping Strategy

蔡麗雲(Li-Yun Tsai) ； 李英芬(In-Fun Li)

《安寧療護雜誌》 8卷2期 (2003/05) Pp. 143-160

https://doi.org/10.6537/TJHPC.2003.8(2).3

摘要

安寧緩和醫療的目的是求得末期病患最好的生活品質，但末期病患往往在最後歲月中飽受各種癌病相關症狀以及心理、靈性的折磨，家屬也受盡失落、恐懼等身心煎熬，安寧緩和護理人員的工作繁重及多樣化是可想而知。本研究採質性研究方法，研究對象為某一所醫學中心安寧病房22位護理人員，針對所收集的資料進行內容分析。研究結果發現安寧緩和護理人員主要的壓力源來自疾病的變化、病患與家屬、角色限制、角色模糊、團隊溝通、工作負荷及個人因素。壓力反應包括身體、心理及社會等層面反應，部份人員會出現信念衝突與質疑個人的價值。採取的調適策略包括找人分享、離開與工作相關的場所散心、接受教育與訓練、維持健康的身體及追求靈性生活。建議未來能發展有效的調適策略來協助安寧緩和護理人員因應壓力。

關鍵字

安寧緩和護理人員 ； 壓力 ； 調適策略

並列摘要

The aim of hospice and palliative care is to maintain a terminally ill the best quality of life. At the last stage, not only does a terminal cancer patient suffer from physical, psychological and spiritual torture, but also his/her family has to go through loss and fear. That is the reason why hospice and palliative care nursing is varied and over-loaded. 21 nurses were sampled at a medical center in this exploratory, descriptive study. According to analysis of interview, it is found that main resource s of stress hospice and palliative care nurses have to face are from progress of a patient's disease, patient and family, limitation of role, ambiguity of role, team communication, work load and personal factor. The response of stress includes physical, psychological and social levels. Some would feel struggles with personal faith and value. Strategies to release stress are to share with someone else, to have a break and outing, to have a course or training, to maintain health body and to pursue spiritual live. It is suggested that to develop effective coping for releasing a hospice nurse s stress is important.

並列關鍵字

hospice ； palliative ； nurse ； stress ； coping ； strategy