大陸鄉鎮企業的發展歷程

The Development of Rural Enterprise in Mainland China

齊文輝(Wen-Hui Chi)

《中華技術學院學報》 23期 (2001/09) Pp. 187-208

https://doi.org/10.7095/JCIT.200109.0187

摘要

推動大陸農村現代化的功臣－鄉鎮企業，在21世紀有了更積極的面貌－中小企業。面對今日中小企業發展的各類問題，回首鄉鎮企業發展的來時路，仍自有其現實意義。本文按鄉鎮企業發展歷程的幾個重大事件，將之分為五個階段敘述：1）農村副業到社隊企業階段；2）起步調整階段；3）初次起飛階段；4）治理整頓階段；5）再起飛與兌變階段。由各階段的轉折變化中，我們得知：鄉鎮企業發展的外在環境，並不全然是順遂的；然而，正因為不順遂反而得以避免類似國有企業在經營上的種種困境，最終在競爭的市場中勝出。

關鍵字

鄉鎮企業 ； 中小企業 ； 發展歷程

並列摘要

The Rural Enterprise, one of the main forces that pushes the modernization of Mainland China's countries, displays a more positive image in the name of Small and Medium Enterprise in the twenty-first century. In confronting various problems occurred nowadays in the development of Small and Medium Enterprise, a retrospect of the development of Rural Enterprise could still provide us its practical meanings.Five stages will be narrated based on several crucial events that have great importance on the development of the Rural Enterprise. Stage 1: from Village Handicrafts to Commune and Brigade-Run Enterprise; Stage 2: Step-Out and Adjustment; Stage 3: the First Take-Off; Stage 4: Harnessing and Reorganization; Stage 5: Take-Off Again and the Reform of Property Rights. From these changes we learn that even though the exterior environment was not favorable, this prevented Rural Enterprise from the difficulties in management that National Enterprise encountered and eventually brought its outstanding competitiveness in the market.

並列關鍵字

Rural enterprise ； Small and medium enterprise ； Development