臺灣對外貿易的回顧和戰後貿易政策之探討

Review and Research of the Foreign Trade and Policy in Taiwan

羅智(Professor Roger Lo)

《中華技術學院學報》 31期 (2004/12) Pp. 313-325

https://doi.org/10.7095/JCIT.200412.0313

摘要

本文撰寫之目的，主要在回顧從明朝以來，臺灣經荷蘭、滿清、日本以至民國之統治經營。由於位居東亞通往歐美和南洋的交通要衝，所以自古以來，對外貿易皆為臺灣經濟發展的中心。臺灣從明朝開始，其對外貿易的大宗物品，由茶、樟腦、蔗糖、稻米等等。到了二次世界戰以後，由於中國大陸被共產主義所統治，蔣氏父子撒守台灣，勵精圖治，力挽狂瀾，將臺灣從落後貧窮，建設成為現代化的美麗寶島，主要也是歸功於當時從中國大陸帶領了一批非常優秀的經建專才，制定了一套非常良好的經貿政策發展所致。可見培養人才，創新科技，研發產品，在一個日新月異的社會，對經貿的發展，是何等的重要。

關鍵字

本土化 ； 就地化 ； 鎖國經濟 ； 自由化 ； 全球化 ； 國際化 ； 關稅暨貿易總協定 ； 世界貿易組織

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to review economic governance beginning from the Ming Dynasty, the Dutch colonial rule, the Ching Dynasty, the Japanese colonial regime to the Republic of China. As Taiwan is located at the nexus of the Northeast Asia and the Southeast Asia, foreign trade has been the pillar of economic development in Taiwan. In the past, the major goods of foreign trade were tea, rice, sugar, and the like. After the Second World War, the Communists took over the Mainland China and the Chiang-Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan. With much political efforts, the Chings transformed Taiwan from the society of economic poverty to the modem society. The transformation can be mainly attributed to the economic bureaucracy from the Mainland who made excellent economic and industry policy. In addition, education, technology innovation, as well as research and development are very important to economic development in a modernized society.

並列關鍵字

localization ； liberalization ； closed economy ； globalization ； internationalization ； world trade organization ； general agreement on tariffs and trade