生涯教育之探討

Research of Career Education

袁善民(Shen-Ming Yuan) ； 陳文進(Wen-Chin Chen)

《中華技術學院學報》 33期 (2005/12) Pp. 123-138

https://doi.org/10.7095/JCIT.200512.0123

摘要

本文為了澄清社會大眾對生涯教育的誤解，首先界定生涯教育的意義與重要性，美國教育署長的馬連博士(Sidney P. Marland, Jr.)認為生涯教育是全民的教育，從義務教育開始延伸至高等及繼續教育的整個過程，這種教育同時具備學術及職業功能，升學及就業準備；應該融入各個階段的教育活動中。
其次談到生涯教育的目標，以協助學生認識發展自我開始著手，讓學生建立生涯觀念、培養謀生技能、蘊函合作精神，以引導生涯成長及培養決策技巧。並且強調適性發展、重視輔導；是一種終生性的教育歷程。
再者，由生涯教育的觀點看我國教育系統的缺失，如各階段教育的不連貫、高中職教育分化過早、教學內容與生活脫節、升學主義掛帥、終生之生涯訓練體制不完善等諸多缺失。最後談到：如何改革我國教育系統以配合生涯教育觀念？十年教改推出一連串的教育政策，雖然解決了部分的問題，但執行過程中未考量實際狀況，也衍生了一些新的問題。
「生涯教育是百年大計」，應該連貫幼稚園教育到成人教育階段，將生涯概念納入現有的教育課程中，才是達成生涯發展目標最可行的辦法。各級教師應將生涯教育的理念融入現有的課程中，以促進生涯發展，達到全人教育的目標。

關鍵字

生涯教育 ； 生涯目標

並列摘要

The researches clear off the misunderstanding of career education to public in social. First of all, it defines the meaning and importance of career education. Dr. Sidney P. Marland, Jr.- the Ministry of Education of the United States of America, thinks career education is the whole people education. The entire processes are from the beginning of obligatory education to extend the higher grade education and the continuing education, this education meanwhile provide with the function of academic and occupation, the preparing of entering higher school and obtain employment, they should be melted into every level of educational activity.
Secondly, it talks about the goal of career education from the beginning by helping student to recognize developing himself. Let the student establish the ideal of career, cultivate the skill of making living, implicate the spirit of cooperation, to lead the growing up of career and bringing up the skill of making decision. Emphasizing the development of fitting character, attaching importance for guidance and assistance, are the educational process of all one's life.
Third, from the point of view of career education to see the fault of our national education system, for example, the discontinuing of every education level, too early separate from senior high and vocational high education, instruction contents disconnected with living, the doctrine of entering higher school be given first priority, career training system of whole life doesn't perfect …etc. Last, we talk to: How to improve our national education systems to coordinating cooperate with the idea of career education? Ten-year educational reformations offer a serial of education policy, although solve the part problems but in executing process doesn't consider the real aspect and then generate some new problems.
”Career education is centenary fundamental” should continue from kindergarten education level to adult education level. The idea of career education should be accepted in on hand education courses, this is an available way to reach the goal of career development. The teacher of every level should put the idea of career education into on hand education courses to promote career development then achieve the object of whole people education.

並列關鍵字

career education ； the goal of career education