老人的睡眠障礙及其相關因子之探討－區域醫院之經驗

Sleep Disturbance and Its Related Factors in the Elderly - A Study from a Regional Hospital

蔡崇煌(Chung-Huang Tsai) ； 陳宇嘉(Yu-Chia Chen) ； 王雪鳳(Cynthia Wang) ； 劉金明(Ging-Ming Liu) ； 吳萬慶(Wong-Ching Wu) ； 林高德(Gau-De Lin)

《台灣家庭醫學雜誌》 10卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 119-128

https://doi.org/10.7023/TJFM.200009.0119

摘要

睡眠障礙及失眠是現代人常見的毛病，老年人因常併有其他身體及心理疾病，故是發生睡眠障礙的好發年齡層。本研究針對參加台中市澄清醫院老人健檢的民眾做睡眠障礙的分析，共收集有效樣本570人，另性佔68.1%，平均年齡為75.3±4.1歲。罹患睡眠障礙者有47.2%，失眠者(insomnia)43.7%，其症狀變項中難以入睡者(diffculty falling asleep)有29.5%所佔比率最高，其次為半夜容易醒來(sleep continuity disturbance)佔27.3%，一大清早即醒來者(early morning awakening)佔11.8%，無恢復性睡眠者(nonrestorative sleep)佔13.0%，比率最低者為睡眠過多(hypersomnia)佔8.1%。本研究結果顯示女性罹患睡眠障礙及失眠的情形較男性嚴重。年齡、經濟壓力及喝酒情形與睡眠障礙及其症狀變項皆沒有明顯相關。自覺生活壓力與無恢復性睡眠的相關達顯著水準。除了睡眠過多外，過去精神疾病與睡眠障礙及其症狀變項的相關皆達顯著水準。未婚者罹患睡眠障礙較夫妻同住及鰥寡者高，進一步分析其症狀變項，發現亦皆以未婚者罹患比率較高。除了睡眠過多外，其餘皆以是經濟來源提供者罹患比率較低，以失眠、難以入睡及半夜容易醒來的差異達統計學上的差異。領有退休津貼者罹患睡眠過多之比率較高，但未達統計學上的差異，其餘症狀皆較未領有退休津貼者為低，除了一大清早即醒來外其餘皆達統計學上的差異，自覺有經濟壓力者對睡眠障礙及其症狀的影響皆未達顯著水準。

並列摘要

Sleep disturbance and insomnia are common symptoms in contemporary people. It is accompanied with physical and psychiatric disorders, so the elderly are more predisposed to sleep disturbance than other group. This study analyzed sleep disturbance in the subjects from elderly health examination program in Cheng Ching Hospital. A total of 570 subjects with 68.1% male were interviewed. Their mean age was 75.3%±4.1. There were 47.2% of the subjects suffered from sleep disturbance and 43.7% from insomnia. The most common symptom of sleep disturbance was difficulty faling asleep (29.5%), and followed by sleep continuity disturbance (27.3%), early morning awakening (11.8%), nonrestorative sleep (13.0%), and hypersomnia (8.1%). The results of this study revealed females were predisposed in sleep disturbance and insomnia than males. There were no significant differences between aged, economic pressure and alcohol consumption with sleep disturbance and its symptoms. There was significant difference between life pressures with nonrestorative sleep. Besides hypersomnia, there was difference between psychiatric disorders with sleep disturbance and its symptoms. Unmarried subjects were predisposed to sleep disturbance and insomnia than live-together couples and singles. Further analyzing the symptoms of sleep disturbance, unmarried were more predisposed to have it too. Except for hypersomnia, it was found that a low rate of patients in the economic source providers and their insomnia, diffculty falling asleep and sleep continuity disturbance were significantly in statistics. The rate of hypersomnia was higher in those who received pension allowance than those who not, but there was no significance in statistics. Other symptoms showed a lower rate in the pensioners except for early morning awakening, it was different in statistics. There was no significant difference between economic pressure with sleep disturbance and its symptoms.

並列關鍵字

sleep disturbance ； insomnia ； difficulty falling asleep ； sleep continuity disturbance ； early morning awakening ； nonrestorative sleep