完形治療團體中主角成員個人工作之歷程研究

本研究旨在探討一位女性成員在完形治療團體中，成爲主角進行個人工作的過程。研究者針對其個人工作過程的錄影帶、團體後訪談逐字稿以及治療者自陳所使用的技術等資料，分析促使主角成員投入個人工作的因素爲何？其自陳的改變爲何？個人工作中出現的好時機、以及治療者對主角成員個人工作過程的介入情形。促使主角成員投入個人工作的因素有個人的準備度與動機、願意真實呈現自己並自我負責、對領導者的信任、以及團體中的支持氣氛。主角成員自陳的改變包括自己對身體的覺察增加了、較能接納別人的決定、變得較不會受他人影響等。本研究歸納出完形個人工作的五種好時機，分別爲經歷強而有力的情感、表達對持續經驗的覺察、直接對關係人表達情感或直接對領導者表達情感、頓悟、經驗新的觀點。其中發現人個治療工作之初較多前三種類別，治療中階段有出現頓悟，及至治療結束前出現經驗新的觀點。而治療者所運用的技術包括，完形治療常用的擬人化與具像化、誇大、送你一句話、繞圈、直接表達、支持自己，也包括一般技術如反映、解釋、澄清、重述、摘述、探問、質問、同理，總共十四種技術。最後根據研究發現，針對實務工作者和未來研究提出建議。

關鍵字

完形治療團體；好時機；完形技術；歷程研究

並列摘要

This study explored the changing process of a 49 year-old, female group member who went through a personal work in a Gestalt therapy group. The researchers wanted to understand 1.the factors that made the member choose to do her personal work in the group, and the, changes she felt after the work, 2.the good moments of this therapeutic work, and 3.the techniques that the therapist used. The data included the interview transcripts from the target member, the tapes and the transcripts of the therapeutic work, and the reports from the group therapist. The researchers found that the degree of individual readiness and motivation, the willingness to truly present self and be self-responsible, a sense of trust toward the therapist, and a supportive atmosphere of the group were the key factors that enabled the member to receive the personal work successfully. The member reported that she became more aware of her body senses after the work, more able to accept the important others' decisions, and less easily to be influenced by other people after the therapeutic work. Five good moments were found in this therapeutic work, including undergoing strong powerful feelings, expressing feelings directly to the other or to the therapist, expressing an awareness of ongoing experience, insight, and experiencing new perspectives. The therapist used the general helping skills, such as reflection, interpretation, questioning, and clarification as well as Gestalt-specific techniques, such as ”exaggeration”, ”feed you a sentence”, ”making rounds”, ”concretization”, self-support”, and ”expressing directly”. The researchers also integrated and discussed these findings based on Gestalt cycle of experience.