焦點解決取向團體方案對高職學生諮商效果之研究

The Effects of Solution-Focused Group Counseling on Vocational High School Students of Shyness

羅華倩(Hua-Chien Lo) ； 黃正鵠(Chen-Ku Hwang) ； 連廷嘉(Ting-Chia Lien)

《諮商輔導學報：高師輔導所刊》 10期 (2004/06) Pp. 51-81

https://doi.org/10.6308/JCG.10.03

摘要

本研究的主要目的在探討“焦點解決取向團體諮商”對高職害羞學生之立即及追蹤輔導效果，以提供未來高職學校輔導工作的參考及應用。
本研究採等組前後測及追蹤測量的實驗設計，以高雄市私立三信家商十六名高一、二年級害羞困擾的學生爲對象，依性別與年級將受試者隨機分派成實驗組和控制組。實驗組接受爲期八週，每週二個小時，共十六小時的焦點解決取向團體諮商：控制組則不作處理。本研究之依變項爲害羞困擾、人際關係、自我意識及社會自尊等四類：自變項則爲實驗處理。本研究以“害羞量表”、“人際關系量表”、“自我意識量表”及“社會自尊量表”測量之。所得資料以單因子共變數分析進行統計考驗，並以成員所填寫之團體單元回饋單、團體總回饋單及訪談結果作爲研究結果的佐證及補充。
本研究之主要結論如下：
一、焦點解決取向團體諮商對害羞高職學生之害羞行爲表現、認知反應、情緒反應及生理反應上具有立即輔導效果；但對於內在自我意識、公衆自我意識、社會焦慮、人際關系、社會自信及人際勇氣上之立即輔導不顯著。
二、實驗處理四週後，在害羞行爲表現、情緒反應、生理反應及人際勇氣上具有顯著追蹤輔導效果；在害羞認知反應、內在自我意識、公衆自我意識、社會焦慮、人際關系及社會自信上之追蹤輔導效果不顯著。
三、由團體成員的回饋及訪談則發現，成員對此團體持正向肯定的態度，認爲實驗處理後較了解往後如何面對害羞情境。此外，團體也提供行爲演練的機會，讓他們能在生活中嘗試挑戰新的目標，使之較勇敢克服害羞，並會覺察到小的改變是極爲有價值的。
最後，研究者針對研究結果加以討論分析，並對輔導實務以及未來研究提出若干建議。

關鍵字

焦點解決取向 ； 團體諮商 ； 害羞 ； 人際關系 ； 自我意識 ； 社會自尊

並列摘要

The major purposes of the research were to develop a solution-focused group-counseling program and to examine the immediate and follow-up effects of solution-focused group counseling on vocational high school students of shyness.
Sixteen shy students in 1st and 2nd grades were randomly assigned into experiment group and control group. The students in the experiment group were arranged to attend eight sessions of solution-focused group counseling for eight weeks. The control group received no treatment. The dependent variables consisted of ”shyness,” ”interpersonal relationships,” ”self-consciousness,” ”social self-esteem.” All subjects received the pretest, the posttest, and the follow-up test with the Shyness Scale, Interpersonal Relationships Scale, Self-Consciousness Scale, and Social Self-Esteem Scale. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCONA) for quantitative analysis. The result of the feedback sheets, the degree of satisfaction scale and interviews were used as the proof and supplements of the research results.
The following conclusions were drawn from this study:
1 The results showed that solution-focused group had an immediate effect on the behavior, cognition, physiology, and affection of shyness. However, it didn't show significantly an immediate effect on the other dependent variables.
2 A four-week follow-up analysis was also conducted. The results showed that it held follow-up effect on the behavior, the physiology, and affection of shyness, and interpersonal courage; No significant effect was found on other dependent variables.
3 From the feedback and interviews of the experiment group, it was found that the students had positive attitudes for group, and knew how to handle the situation of shyness in the future better. Additionally, through practicum during the counseling sessions, the members of the experiment group were able to challenge the new goals in their daily lives, and to overcome their shyness courageously. They also noticed that a small change is more valuable.
Finally, suggestions from the results of this study were provided for school counselors. Some topics for future research were also indicated.

並列關鍵字

solution-focused group ； vocational high school ； shyness

參考文獻

王明啟(1988)。認知重建與社會技巧訓練團體對於教育學院害羞學生輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。

吳倩儀(2004)。網路團體諮商方案對國小高年級害羞兒童輔導效果之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺南師範學院國民教育研究所。

周奕伶(2002)。焦點解決短期諮商對低自尊個案復原力之建構(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。

周淑玲(1993)。自我肯定訓練對國中害羞學生影響成效之研究(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學教育研究所。

周惠文(2003)。焦點解決短期團體諮商對高職低自我概念學生之影響(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。