在工商業突飛猛進,都市化高度發展的現代社會,犯罪問題非但在數量上高居不下,而且犯罪人的年齡層亦不斷下降,以往一些在社會上及成年人之間方才出現的問題行為,現已可逐漸地在青少年之中凸顯出來。少年警察是接觸犯罪少年最先的人員,站在控制少年犯罪的最前線位置,因此少年警察在少年犯罪防制工作上扮演極為重要的角色,但多年來少年警察之角色功能甚為模糊,甚至出現了角色衝突;國內目前尚缺乏有關少年警察之實證研究對其角色功能亦無明確之界定。本研究從一多因子之分析角度,來對警察機關編制內之少年警察,其所扮演的角色及功能進行一較深入的研究。本研究採問卷調查法,研究調查對象除了對北、高兩市所屬一四六名少年警察隊官警(台北市九十三名、高雄市五十三名)進行問卷普查之外,並對本省北、中、南、東各區域之國、高中輔導老師以及訓導主任(閩中輔導老師及訓導主任二八三名,高中輔導老師及訓導主任二一八名),以瞭解研究調查對象之間對於少年警察理想與實際角色功能之意見並加以比較分析,提供警察界及教育界對少年警察的實務工作有一更清楚的瞭解,促進雙方對於少年非行行為處理方式的共識,藉以提供少年警察對實務工作做一次自評式的省思,以提升少年警察之工作品質,並結合調查對象問之意見看法,據以提出未來少年警察隊角色功能之參考,進而發揮更有效之少年犯罪防制對策。研究結果發現,在少年警察的理想角色功能方面,本研究的研究調查對象認為理想中的少年警察,應是以預防少年犯罪為重,並應對少年加以輔導保護;其次冷對少年事件的處理。至於在少年警察的實務角色功能(工作現況)方面,受訪者表示目前的少年警察工作,以少年案件的查處最符合工作現況,其次為對少年犯罪的預防,以及對少年的輔導保護。此外,研究結果亦顯示,少年警察的實際工作表現得分低於理想角色之期待,也顯示了受訪者的理想角色期待高於少年警察之工作表現。受訪者普遍認為「清楚界定少年警察之組織目標與功能及加強少年警察犯罪防制與輔導之專業知能」為提升少年警察工作品質之最好方法;而少年警察應採久任制、增加女警參與少年犯罪防制工作、少年警察應盡量年輕化,以及少年警察應具有愛心、耐心、熱心、細心等特質和具專業知識、法律素養等,更是受訪者的共同心聲。隨著少年犯罪的不斷增加,而今日之少年犯,可能成為明日之成年犯,因此,少年警察所扮演的角色及功能也愈趨重要。近年來少年警察隊在人力、物力限制之下,對於少年犯罪的偵查已有相當貢獻,但今後建議各縣市警察局下增設少年警察隊並應積極發揮輔導少年預防犯罪之功能,與家庭、學校等教育機構建立良好的溝通聯繫管道,並將工作性質轉化為社會性與教育性重於司法性,方可充分發揮少年警察的功能,增進警民關係,並降低少年犯罪率,達到穩定社會治安效能之目標。
Juvenile Police Squad (JPS) is composed of the first-line police officers for controlling and preventing juvenile delinquency. Their role is of critical, but blurred. There is no empirical research on the function and roles of JPS in Taiwan so far. The present shows its importance and value with regard to this point.Survey questionaires were administered to 93 JPS officers in the City of Taipei, 53 JPS officers in the City of Kaohsiung, 283 junior high schoo1 counselors, and 218 senior high school counselors. The questionaire aims to explore the subjects' perception about the ideal and actual function of JPS, and what expected roles they should have played.Research findings show that JPS's ideal role is to emphasize much more time and energy in preventing adolescents' deviant behaviors, then playing an proactive role in protecting and guiding. The final role is to dealing with the cases of juvenile delinquency. Currently, JPS only performs well in dealing with juvenile delinquency cases. It needs to work harder in preventing juvenile delinquency and protecting and guiding juveniles. Generally, the subjects' overall expectation to JPS is much higher than its actual performance.The subjects think that JPS needs to have clear organizational framework, fuction, and professional knowledge in protecting and guiding juveniles. JPS may consider to hire more younger and female officers with love and empathy to the young generation.The researcher suggests that the function and roles of JPS need to be clarified and emphasized at the local level. Each County Government has to consider establishing at least an JPS in its county. Families and schools need much more connection with JPS to protect and guide juveniles, and prevent juvenile delinquency.