透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.220.66.151
  • 期刊

搶奪犯罪被害者報案決意與反應之研究

A Study on Victims' Reporting Behavior and Reactions to Robbery Crime

摘要


強盜搶奪實屬嚴重威脅社會治安的街頭性犯罪型態,但仍見其報案率具有一定程度的黑數。找出形成犯罪黑數的原因與影響因素,除了增加社會大眾正確認識強盜搶奪犯罪的本質,亦有助於增加民眾對強盜搶奪報案行為的意識,使國家追訴強盜搶奪犯罪的機制得以順利發動,並能提供警察機關作為改善對被害者服務品質的參考。 本研究選取四名報案及四名未報案之搶奪被害者為研究對象,以深度訪談的方式,探討搶奪被害者報案決意歷程中,所涉及的感受、想法、社會互動、考慮因素等等,歸納出搶奪被害者報案/不報案的原因,以及搶奪被害後的反應與期待。 研究發現,強奪犯罪被害者是否報案,主要是事件的嚴重性、歸因方式、警察觀感、重要他人等等,因素交互影響所致。事件的嚴重性的關鍵指標是損失財物的主客觀價值與案件發生距離住家遠近,而非犯罪時間、侵害方法,甚至是負面情緒的程度。價值愈高、事發地點離家越近,被害者愈會報案。愈將槍奪事件歸因於歹徒的被害者,愈傾向於報案。對警察服務態度與能力持正面觀感者,被搶之後愈傾向於報案。如果重要他人愈肯定報案的價值,被害者愈傾向於報案。至於搶奪被害者報案動機,有出於功利的觀點,亦有出於正義的考量。功利觀點的被害者報案目的在於,破案以及避免衍生不必要的後遺症。正義觀點的被害者,不論財物損失多寡、破案可能性高低、警察服務態度好壞,皆傾向於報案,甚至於尋求警察以外的自治團體共同改善社會治安。

關鍵字

強盜 搶奪 報案 報警 功利觀點 正義秩序 被害反應

並列摘要


Empirical studies have shown that many victims of robbery did not report their victimizations to the police. These dark figures of crime have distorted official crime statistics and influenced greatly crime prevention policy. The goal of the study is to present data from an empirical study regarding victim's decision to notify the police. The research is useful to explore the public policy implications, especially policies that might improve victim's well being, and their willingness to cooperate with the criminal justice systems. Data were collected from 8 victims by face-to-face in-depth interviews, 4 had sought assistance from police and 4 had not. It attempts to discover the recognition, cognitive, coping, and social interaction in the decision process of reporting behavior. While interviewing with victims, we find the victims who suffered from greater losses and the victim place close to regimentation are more likely to report to the police. Besides the above factors, the victim's perception of police, self attribution and others by victim advised are all closely associated with the notification outcome. Utilitarianism and economic perspectives also are the key points to explain victims reporting behavior.

參考文獻


錢永祥、中央研究院中山人文社會研究所編(1991)。正義及其相關問題。台北市:中央研究院。
邱淑蘋(2004)。住宅竊盜被害者的報案行爲研究。警專學報。3(5),211-238。
許春金、莫季雍、陳玉書()。,未出版。
陳敦源(2000)。人爲何投票?-理性選擇理論觀點的緣起與發展。民意研究季刊。212,31-64。
Bennett, Richard R.,Wiegand R. Bruce(1994).Observations on crime reporting in a developing nation.Criminology.32(1),135-148.

被引用紀錄


周厚瑜(2015)。拉丁美洲毒品除罪化問題之研究---以墨西哥為例〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2015.00378
陳美如(2014)。性霸凌防治課程對國中智能障礙學生實施成效之研究〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400451
張嘉珊(2013)。物質濫用家庭青少年生活及可能自我之探究〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00064
温基信(2017)。從攝影機視角探討安全層級之研究-以國立台灣大學(校總區)安全走廊為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201702937

延伸閱讀