我國警察與犯罪少年互動經驗之探究

本文企圖Foucault的權力觀點結合質性研究深度訪談方法，以探究我國警察在與犯罪少年之互動關係中，從鉅觀的社會論述到微觀的日常互動狀況，檢視警察人員是否扮演一種形構犯罪少年論述的機制，以及警察在治理少年的過程中，如何發動其權力與伸展，另一方面，本文亦探討少年又是如何的被規訓與反抗。研究結果發現警察人員透過一種二元對立的論述，區分出「正常少年」與「偏差少年」，並透過規訓與檢查的技術，強迫少年符合「正常少年」的行為表與時間表，而少年的行為係自發地，但警察卻不斷地告訴他的行為屬於偏差行為，少年為維持自身的主體，反抗這「不正確的刻板印象」，而這卻使警察人員更確定他就是犯罪少年，而施以更強制的方式，而少年犯罪也就在權力的場域中成為犯罪論述的再生產。本文希冀提供一種對於犯罪學不一樣的視野與分析，對於當今我國犯罪控制的政策，與警察人員對犯罪少年的執勤態度，提供深刻的省思。

關鍵字

Foucault ；權力；論述；警察；少年

並列摘要

By developing Foucault's insightful concepts of power, this paper aims to explore the experience of interaction between the police and Juvenile offenders in Taiwan within a critical position. From Macro analysis of social discourse to micro daily practice of interaction, the objectives of this study are to examine whether the police play a mechanism of discourse formation on Juvenile offenders, to articulate how the strategies and techniques of power are enforced and strengthened by the police, and to scrutinize how juveniles are disciplined and resisted. The findings reveal that the dual-oppositional discourses are constructed by distinguishing between 'normal juveniles' and 'deviant ones'. Through the techniques of discipline and inspection, juveniles are forced to fit the behavior of 'normal juveniles'. In order to maintain autonomous self, juveniles choose to resist these stereotypes imposed on them. The strguggle further contributes to the reproduction of criminal discourse pushing juveniles into certain categories of criminal offenders. It is hoped that this paper can offer a different landscape in analyzing and discussing for the field of criminology and criminal policy.