犯罪預防策略－基於犯罪類型對危機感受之影響

A Strategy of Crime Prevention Based on Crime Types Affecting the Crisis

廖世義(Shu-Yi Liaw) ； 譚子文(Tzyy-Wen Tarn)

《犯罪學期刊》 10卷2期 (2007/12) Pp. 195-246

https://doi.org/10.29607/ZHWHGX.200712.0007

摘要

本研究旨在藉由管理學上有關策略規劃的理論知識，由十種犯罪類型，並以南部七縣市民眾623份及警察422份的問卷爲研究樣本，探討民眾、警察對犯罪類型所引發危機意識的認知差異、犯罪類型對民眾生活構成威脅的程度及警方處理優先順序等三面向的問題。研究結果顯示南部縣市在犯罪類型對於危機意識、構成威脅及處理順序三構面上，並未依附於都市化程度的高低變化，而是每一個縣市有自己的犯罪特性及危機感受程度，在民眾及警察兩群體上，亦見此一現象。綜合民眾、警察在犯罪類型所引發之危機意識、構成威脅及處理優先順序等三面向的觀察，發現以往針對個別犯罪類型所提出之預防策略，確實未能針對縣市犯罪類型特性提出有效的犯罪預防策略。本研究因此根據上述結論依據Tony Grundy(2004)的策略循環，針對縣市犯罪特性提出整體犯罪預防策略矩陣，即包含規劃型策略、救護型策略、維持型策略、清潔型策略，與一般研究僅針對個別的犯罪類型提出犯罪預防相關策略，而非整體性的建議有所不同。本研究將有助於治安單位針對地區特性提供確實解決問題之方案（策略），供決策者制定治安策略時之參考。

關鍵字

治安策略 ； 犯罪預防 ； 犯罪類型 ； 策略矩陣 ； 危機

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to explore the strategy of crime prevention by the knowledge and the theories of strategic planning in management. There are three factors to be researched: The People and the police's cognition difference to the crisis consciousness that the crime type causing, the degree of the threat to the people that the crime type living, and the order of priority for the criminal case to be handled by the police. The methodology in this thesis is questionnaire about ten crime types from people and police samples in seven south Taiwan counties and cities.
Following is the summary of the study: The three constructions which are the crisis consciousness, the degree of the threat, and the processing sequence, were independent of the urbanization degree; in other words, each county city has own crime characteristic and crisis feeling degree, and such as the people and the police. The comprehensive observation finds that the prevention strategy aims at the individual crime type could not be established to match the crime type characteristic.
The contribution of this research is to verify the Strategy Cycle proposed by Tony Grundy (2004) with putting forward the whole of crime prevention strategy matrix aiming at crime characteristic in county city. The matrix includes Planning Strategy, Keeping Strategy, Emergent Strategy, and Cleaning Strategy. It will be helpful to the police politics unit to formulate solution in view of the local characteristic; and provide reference to establish strategy.

並列關鍵字

Public security strategy ； Crime prevention ； Public security influence ； Strategy matrix ； Crisis

參考文獻

王文忠(2002)。住宅竊盜被害與預防之研究。國立中正大學犯罪防治研究所。

內政部()。

內政部警政署()。

司徒達賢(2001)。策略管理新論－觀念架構與分析方法。智勝文化。

李宗勳(1999)。危機管理與戰略思維。中央警察大學學報。34，105-134。