苗栗縣全面推動廚餘回收再利用之可行性研究

本研究以苗栗縣廚餘回收再利用試辦的現況及未來全面推動的可行性分析做為探討重點。在全國僅有少部分縣市全面推動廚餘回收再利用之工作，但未來幾年，廚餘回收將會是各縣市推動垃圾減量的主要工作。在苗栗縣，廚餘養豬仍是廚餘回收再利用最主要的方式。苗栗縣全縣如以廚餘養豬，每日就可消耗將近256公噸的廚餘，以苗栗縣廚餘總產量約為157公噸來看，全縣每日所產出之廚餘尚不足以提供養豬之用。苗栗縣每年有機肥的使用量大約為349,790公噸，如將所有廚餘全數製成有機堆肥，每年可得約57,000公噸，在苗栗縣全數使用回收廚餘製成有機堆肥，仍遠不夠該縣耕地之用。但目前由各鄉鎮公所自行製作之有機堆肥，常因品質欠佳、肥力不足或因醱酵不夠，造成臭氣四溢之空氣污染問題層出不窮，對廚餘堆肥較為不利。廚餘缺氧醱酵回收能源之再利用方式，在苗栗縣因技術之問題尚無法運作量產，而且投資設廠所需資金非常龐大，就投資報酬率而言並不經濟，因此短期尚無發展空間。

關鍵字

廚餘；回收再利用；廚餘養豬；堆肥；垃圾減量

並列摘要

This article mainly analyzes the pilot operation and the overall feasibility of food waste recycling in Miaoli County. In the nation only few counties have started the food waste recycling. In the next few years, however, each county in the country will have to recycle food waste as the major way to reduce garbage. Using food waste to feed hogs is the major way to recycle in Miaoli County. 256 tons of food waste per day is needed to fees hogs in Miaoli County, while the actual production of food waste is only 157 tons per thy. Secondly, if the food waste in Miaoli County is recycled for composting, the yearly production of compost is about 57,000 tons, which is far enough for overall cultivation in the county. However, the low quality of self-made compost brings a problem of air pollution due to odor. This makes food waste recycling for composting less beneficial. Thirdly, energy recycled from anaerobic digestion of food waste is currently not plausible in Miaoli County due to technological difficulty and low economic returns.