男性幼兒園教師職場情境與適應之研究

本研究旨在瞭解男性幼兒園教師在社會的性別刻板印象中，如何適應長久以來皆以女性為主體的幼兒園職場，及其在甄選、工作環境與條件、升遷與福利等面向所遭遇的問題與困境，期能提出可行的因應策略與政策建議。本研究以文獻分析法與深度訪談法進行，訪談對象包含男性幼兒園教師及其直屬主管、同事與家長。本研究之主要發現包括：1.在培訓與甄選方面：無論從前或現今在培訓機構的男性皆有極高比例放棄幼教工作。但從前教師甄試十分排斥男性教師，現在傾向於給予男性機會。2.在環境與人際適應方面：環境中對男性最不友善的部分是廁所。與女性同事、幼兒與家長相處顧忌多。3.在升遷與發展方面：能承擔粗重工作、傾向於盡量不安排男性照顧幼兒上廁所或是與年輕女老師搭班、升遷受限、社會地位不高與社會期望相違背，預計在年老後會難以在幼教職場生存，需另謀生路。4.在現場人員的評價方面：優勢為能降低校安事件發生率、和緩女性之間的氣氛、提供男童的性別認同對象，劣勢為不易取得家長信任。

關鍵字

男性幼兒園教師；性別刻板印象；職場適應；幼兒園教師

並列摘要

This study aims to explore how male teachers, under gender stereotypes of society, adapt to the kindergarten workplace, where women are in the majority, as well as problems and difficulties they encountered in teacher recruitment, working environments and conditions, promotion and welfare, and other aspects, in the hope of proposing feasible coping strategies and policy recommendations. This study, conducted with literature review and in-depth interviews, interviewed male kindergarten teachers and their immediate supervisor, colleagues, and parents of students. The main findings of this study include: 1. Training and recruitment: There are a high proportion of men in training institutions who have given up their preschool education work whether in the past or present. However, male applicants were strongly rejected in teacher recruitment in the past, while at present more likely to be provided with a chance. 2. Environment and interpersonal adaptation: The most hostile part of the working environment for men is the toilet. They have more scruples about working with female colleagues, children and their parents. 3. Promotion and development: They were assigned heavy work and arranged not to take care of children in the toilet or to work with young female teachers in the class. Their promotion is limited, social status is low and what they do is contrary to social expectations. It is expected that surviving in the preschool education workplace is difficult as they age and have to earn another living. 4. On-site personnel evaluation: Their gender advantages are that they are able to reduce the incidence of school safety events, relieve tensions between women, and provide gender identity for boys. On the other hand, the disadvantages are that parental trust is not easy to gain.