現今世界羽球混合雙打關鍵技戰術的發展趨勢

現今羽球混雙運動員在更完善的訓練中水準提升，整體的球速及節奏日益增快，因應比賽合理的活用技戰術，將是考驗教練的重要課題。本文參考文獻分析歸納，整理出混雙技戰術發展的關鍵：發球是最能自控的技術，落點多集中在1、5區，質量的好壞及變化直接影響主動與否。接發球的技術要點為平、快、穩、變，且應有明確目的，能形成主動進攻的隊型，落點以直線的中場，中前場，前場為主。第三拍是失誤發生率的高點，球質好壞將影響後續的進攻機會，技術多以平抽、挑、擋網，來爭奪製造主動，以擋網造成女運動員失誤或被動，或以平抽限制男運動員直接進攻，除非確定為被動才回擊挑球，並擊至女運動員對角線的落點。進入多拍階段後，主要以攻人、攻身、攻三角及防守反擊等戰術，以適當的球路及落點，有效控制對手，進而達到連續進攻的目的。建議調整女前男後戰術的傳統思維，朝向男女攻防更全面能力的發展，完成隨時補位、移位的合作與分工，男運動員應更積極到網前創造得分機會，女運動員須提升中後場防守及控球過渡的能力。針對特性及優缺點制定適合的技戰術，並更需自信的敢搶抓敢猛攻，取得致勝先機。

關鍵字

羽球競賽；混合雙打；技術使用率；球拍運動

並列摘要

Professional mixed doubles badminton players are improving under wholesome training, increasing in overall shuttle speed and rhythm. Thus, the ability to adapt and apply tactics and techniques in competitions is going to become an important task for coaches. This article reviews, analyzes and inducts the key to the development of tactics and techniques of mixed doubles: that serving is the easiest self-controlled technique. With its placement mostly concentrated in zones 1 and 5, the quality and variation of the serve directly impacts whether the player should act actively or not. The key techniques of receiving are flat, fast, steady, varied, and with a clear purpose. Players that are able to form an active attack formation, their placements mainly distribute down the line of the midcourt, mid-front court and frontcourt. The third rally has the highest rate of error, and the quality of the hit will impact the following chances of attack. The techniques are to drive, lift and backstop to gain chances to be active. The purpose of backstop is to cause the female athlete to make an error or become passive, and driving is to limit the male athlete to attack directly. Only h it with a lift to the female athlete's diagonal direction when one is passive. After entering the multi-shot phase, the main tactics are to attack the person, their body, the triangle and to defense counterattack. To reach the purpose of attacking continuously, it is crucial to apply the appropriate shuttle route and placement to control the opponent efficiently. This article suggests adjusting the traditional concept of ＂women in the front, men in the back＂ tactic to a more comprehensive ability of men and women both attacking and defensing, in order to complete the collaboration of immediate filling in the displacement of their partner. Men should be more eager in net play to create chances of scoring, whereas women should improve their skill of defense and control in the mid-back court. It is important to customize tactics and techniques referencing the players' characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, confidence in attacking and gaining the first chance to win is necessary.