- 期刊
電力電纜絕緣瑕疵檢測方法探討與比較
Evaluation and Comparison of Power Cable Insulation Defect Detection Methods
摘要
當電力電纜絕緣材料發生絕緣特性變差、材質老化而導致電力供應出現問題時，將對工廠的運轉安全與生產效率造成重大影響。電力電纜絕緣故障的原因，諸如施工不良、擠壓損傷、及受到電、熱、化學、周圍環境等因素的影響而引起的故障，常見的發生部位有配電級直線接頭與終端接頭。目前國內外有關電纜絕緣瑕疵的檢測方法，大致可分為非電氣性及電氣性兩大類，但目前尚無公認最有效的檢測方式，每種方式皆有其適用的場合及限制。本文主要針對電纜的接頭缺陷，探討使用音射(Acoustic Emission, AE)感測器、電容型感測器、及脈衝電流法檢測阻抗等方法，對電力電纜量測其部分放電信號，並將其信號加以分析比較，找出瑕疵點的定位及探討比較不同方法的優缺點。依靈敏度而言，脈衝電流法靈敏度最高，電容式及音射法較差；但以抗雜訊能力而言，則與靈敏度相反，脈衝電流法極易受雜訊干擾。以定位能力而言，則音射法較其它兩者為佳，即指向性高。故音射法未來應用在電纜定位量測應具有較佳的發展潛力。
並列摘要
As the high-voltage power cable insulation material growing worse, the aged insulation material can cause serious power supply problems. The causes of the power cable insulation breakdown are usually due to bad construction, squeezing, crimping, or fraying damage. The other problems may due to electrical, heat, or chemical environmental factors. Most of the damages can be found in cable splice and cable terminators. At present, the inspection methods regarding the power cable insulation problems can be generally divided into non-electric and electric methods. However, so far there is no acceptable and effective inspection method for all of the situations, each method has its suitable conditions and restrictions. This article mainly aims at developing the inspection methods for cable joints problem. We investigate the use of acoustic emission (AE) sensor, capacitive coupler, and impulse current measurement methods to detect the electrical partial discharge (PD) signal in power cable. We analyze and compare the signals to find out the actual spot of the problem and to investigate and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. To speak from the degree of sensibility, the impulse current method has the best sensibility, while the capacitive coupler and AE methods are less sensible. To speak from the noise-resist ability, it is contrary to the degree of sensibility. The impulse method is prone to be interrupted by noise. To speak from the PD signal source location ability, the AE method is better than the other two methods.