Closed type ultrasonic sensors which have been used widely in cars to detect obstacles within close range are examined. Generation and propagation of ultrasonic waves from the sensors are studied in this paper. The structures of the closed type ultrasonic sensor are briefly introduced. Resonance frequency, directivity, source level, and reverberation time are used as the performance indices. Relevant patents are reviewed and analyzed according to these four indices to explain the core design concepts. Comparisons of relevant patents are summarized to provide a guideline for future design of the closed type ultrasonic sensors.