侷限空間中一氧化碳擴散機制之初步探討

Preliminary Study on Carbon Monoxide Dispersion in a Confined Space

張瑋如(Wei-Ru Chang)

《中華建築學刊》 3卷1期 (2007/05) Pp. 23-36

https://doi.org/10.6371/CHJA.200705.0023

摘要

有鑑於台灣地區經常因為家用瓦斯熱水器之裝置不當與通風不良而造成一氧化碳中毒事件的發生，本文研擬一套研究架構，以運用計算流體力學方法，來針對安裝在陽台之瓦斯熱水器不完全燃燒時的一氧化碳擴散機制，進行後續完整而有系統之模擬與分析。此研究架構提出典型台灣住宅瓦斯熱水器安裝於陽台之幾何模型、相關之探討因子，以及一氧化碳在上述幾何模型中三維擴散之數值模式。文中並討論運用此研究架構進行有限體積法數值求解所得到的部份模擬分析結果。藉由本研究架構的擬定以及後續研究結果的提出，期望有助於一氧化碳中毒之防治，並對室內通風設計以及空氣污染防治之相關研究具有放發作用。

關鍵字

擴散 ； 一氧化碳中毒 ； 計算流體力學

並列摘要

In Taiwan, carbon monoxide poisoning accidents occur frequently due to the wrong usage of the residential gas water heaters, e.g., indoor installation and poor ventilation. However, in the open literature, quite little information about the CO dispersion in an enclosed room is available. This motivates the present project to study systematically the CO dispersion in a confined space. The main purpose of this paper is to propose a study structure to numerically investigate the mechanisms of carbon monoxide dispersion in a typical residential house of Taiwan. The CO is produced by the gas water heater installed in the balcony due to the incomplete combustion. It then disperses into the room adjacent to the balcony. In the proposed study structure, a three-dimensional layout is constructed to illustrate the geometric relationship between the CO source (water heater) and the room interested, and a numerical model is proposed to govern the dispersion mechanism of CO in the above confined space. Besides, this paper presents preliminary study results. It is believed that after finishing this project, the detailed information about the CO dispersion in a confined space provided by this project will be helpful in the design of the indoor ventilation, and thus avoiding the CO poisoning accidences.

並列關鍵字

dispersion ； carbon monoxide CO ； ventilation ； computational fluid dynamics CFD