以系統性文獻回顧探討運動訓練對於老年人肌少症與發炎因子之影響

A Systematic Review: Effects of Resistance Exercise on Sarcopenia and Inflammatory Responses in Elderly Persons

涂擇信(Tse-Hsin Tu)

《臺中教育大學體育學系系刊》 14期 (2019/12) Pp. 15-29

摘要

目的：肌少症是好發於老年人的綜合症候群，肌肉減少會使老年人平衡感下降、骨折機率提高，進而導致臥床和失能。肌肉減少的原因與身體處於長期慢性發炎密切相關。方法：本文獻分析透過PubMed資料庫、華藝線上圖書館，搜尋過去所有關於運動訓練對老年人肌少症體內發炎因子影響的研究成果，進行文獻整合與評論，以探討運動訓練對老年人長期慢性發炎指標是否有改善效果。結果：綜合研究成果顯示對肌少症之患者以阻力訓練方式持續12～16週，並且每週2～3次、運動強度達8-15最大反覆次數，可以顯著提升肌肉力量和肌肉截面積。同時可以顯著降低血液中促發炎細胞激素（IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α），並且可能提升抗發炎細胞激素（IL-10）。而為期12週以上平衡感、步態訓練則有促進認知發展和增進生活功能的效果，以降低跌倒的發生。結論：本研究建議以阻力訓練合併平衡感、步態訓練，可以顯著增加肌少症患者肌肉量，並且能提升生活功能、避免跌倒機率發生，同時可以降低體液中發炎因子，以減緩老化所造成之肌肉降解速度。

關鍵字

肌少症 ； 阻力運動 ； 發炎因子

並列摘要

Purpose: Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass and function syndrome, which increases fall risks and bedridden in older persons. Previous study showed that elderly persons with sarcopenia following low-grade chronic inflammation usually. Methods: We performed literature searches of PubMed and Airiti Library to identify clinical trials focused on effects of exercise training on sarcopenia and inflammatory responses in elderly persons from inception until May 2019. Results: The present study suggests that the resistance training program consisted of 12-16 weeks of periodized resistance training twice or triple a week, and 3 sets of 8-15 repetitions maximal (RM), which can improve muscle strength and cross-section area significantly. And may lower the pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), upregulate the anti-inflammation cytokines (IL-10) in blood. More than 12 weeks gait and balance training may not change the inflammation cytokines, but lower the risk of fall and promote cognitive function. Conclusion: Resistance training can significantly increase the muscle mass of patients with sarcopenia, in order to improve life function and avoid the incidence of falls. At the same time, it can reduce the inflammatory factors in blood to slow down the rate of muscle degradation caused by aging.

並列關鍵字

sarcopenia ； exercise ； inflammation