居民對觀光衝擊認知之研究－以大鵬灣國家風景區為例

The Study of Local Residents' Attitude towards Tourism Development of Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area

張學聖(Huseh-Sheng Chang) ； 胡茂榮(Mao-Jung Hu) ； 葉啓煒(Chi-Wei Yen)

《立德學報》 4卷1期 (2006/12) Pp. 72-87

https://doi.org/10.7080/JLU.200612.0072

摘要

「觀光」發展常被視為是促進地區經濟發展的重要策略，亦為各縣市普遍設定之發展目標。不過，其除了能對當地帶來經濟效益外，同時亦有可能會造成地區負面之影響。有鑑於此，本文嘗試從居民對觀光發展之衝擊認知特性進行分析，探討不同背景屬性之社區居民對觀光衝擊認知、發展態度與發展計畫認同度之差異及影響因素分析。研究中以大鵬灣國家風景區為研究地點，並取得有效問卷計404份。研究發現，居民個人社經背景不同，對觀光衛擊認知、發展態度與發展計畫認同，均有顯著差異；居民感受觀光發展對地區所造成衛擊影響正面多於負面；而由相關分析發現，觀光衝擊認知之「文化與生活品質改善」是影響居民態度的主要因子；而觀光發展態度之「發展地區永續觀光」與「經營管理政策透明」、「重視居民權益訴求」，是影響觀光發展計畫認同度的主要因子。分析結果期能作為相關觀光發展計畫配套政策之參考。

關鍵字

觀光發展 ； 觀光衛擊

並列摘要

Tourism development is often considered an important strategy in generating economic benefits for local government. However, while bringing benefits economically, some negative consequences are also to be expected. Accordingly this research aims to analyze local residents' attitudes towards tourism developments from three aspects: the backgrounds of respondents; their degree of support for the proposed development policy; and their awareness of the possible impact. A quantitative study was conducted using a questionnaire. The target respondents in this survey were randomly selected adults in the study area, Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area. Four hundred and four valid questionnaires were received. The survey result showed that the different backgrounds of respondents were significant in their degree of recognition of the above elements. The majority of respondents believed that tourism developments could generate more benefits for the local area. The main result of this research is that the main factor that affects attitudes to development is ”Improvement of Culture and Living Quality”. Moreover, the major criteria for supporting tourism development plans are ”sustainable tourism development”, ”clear and thorough development policy” and ”the respect of residents' opinion”.

並列關鍵字

tourism development ； tourism impact