以“風險管理”觀點建構登山安全

Build and Construct Mountaineering Safely with the ' Risk Management ' View

張宗昌(Tsung-Chang Chang) ； 余智生(Chih-Sheng Yu) ； 解德春(Te-Chun Chieh)

《嶺東體育暨休閒學刊》 5期 (2007/05) Pp. 54-65

https://doi.org/10.29849/JPELLTU.200705.0007

摘要

台灣為山岳之國，擁有美的山景及豐沛的高山資源。由於政府主動推廣及民間登山社團熱心倡導，使登山健行成為時尚、熱門休閒活動之一。
山區活動潛藏著客觀自然環境和主觀登山者本身兩大危險因子，包括如天候、地形、身體、心理、團隊等。因此登山活動需做好風險管理，才能降低風險確保安全。登山風險管理包含四個步驟，可歸納為兩個範疇。
一、風險因素之管理，旨在管理風險事故發生的不確定性。包括：轄管機關之政策，
野外醫療體系，山難救援體系和登山者自主管理—如基本素養和技術、體能、裝備、器材、路線行程、食物、藥品、防患措施、提出申訴和辦理保險等。
二、風險事故之對策，旨在降低事故發生遭受損失的機會。包括轄管機關之技援，
野外醫療之救援，山難救助團體和登山者之處置－風險評估、山難應變和風險轉移等。登山雖有風險，但尊重山、尊重自然，尊重登山倫理，做好風險管理，確保安全，獲得體驗，方為登山之正確態度和積極意義。

關鍵字

風險管理 ； 風險因素 ； 風險事故 ； 登山安全

並列摘要

Taiwan country of lofty mountains, have beautiful mountain scene and plentiful alpine resource. Because the government popularizes voluntarily and the folk mountaineering corporation advocates enthusiastically, make the mountaineering walking becomes the fashion, one of the hot recreation activities.
The mountain area activity is hiding two great dangerous factors of the objective natural environment and subjective hiker, including such as weather, topography, health, psychology, group, etc.. So the mountaineering activity needs to manage risk well, could reduce the risk and guarantee the security.
Mountaineering risk management includes four steps, can sum up as two categories.
First, management of the risk factor, aim at managing the uncertainty happening in risk accident. Including: Have jurisdiction over the policy in charge of the organ, medical system in the field, it is difficult to rescue the system and hiker to manage independently such as the basic accomplishment and technology on the mountain, physical stamina, equipping, apparatus, route journey, food, medicines, defending and suffering from the measure, proposing the appeal and effecting insurance, etc..
Second, countermeasure of the risk accident, aim at reducing the accident to suffer the lost chance. Including have jurisdiction over and is in charge of the aiding with skill of the organ, open-air rescue of medical treatment, it is difficult for mountain not to succor group and hiker handle risk assess, mountain and the risk is shifted etc..
Although mountaineering is risky, respect the mountain, respect naturally, respect mountaineering ethics, manage risk well, guarantee the security, is experienced, it is correct attitude of mountaineering and positive meaning to be square.

並列關鍵字

risk management ； risk factor ； risk accident ； mountaineering are safe