百米賽跑分段速度之研究

The Separate Speed Parameters Analysis of the 100-Meter Dash

黃筠雱(Yun-Fang Huang) ； 解德春(Te-Chun Chieh) ； 許太彥(Tai-Yen Hsu)

《嶺東體育暨休閒學刊》 10期 (2012/06) Pp. 11-20

https://doi.org/10.29849/JPELLTU.201206.0002

摘要

本研究目的在探討100公尺賽跑每10公尺之速度、步幅、步頻的變化，並探討三者之間的關聯性。方法：以高中田徑男學生共11人，以高速攝影機錄下100公尺全程受試者所跑步數，以測速槍取得受試者每10公尺的跑速，再分別計算步頻、步幅。利用Pearson積差相關，探討速度、步頻、步幅三者之間的相關程度。結果：40-50公尺出現最高速度；步幅自起跑加速後逐漸上升，在50-60公尺小幅度遞減，在60-70公尺出現最大步幅之後，70-80公尺急遽下降，維持一定步頻至終點；20-30公尺出現最高步頻，其後步頻在60-70公尺處，下降最多，剛好與步幅有消長關係。在加速期步幅、步頻均增大，速度增加；在減速期步幅、步頻均減少，導致速度下降。結論：在減速期步幅與速度相關性較高。步頻、步幅有互補作用，呈現負相關。

關鍵字

100公尺 ； 步速 ； 步長 ； 步頻

並列摘要

Purpose: the overall aim of this study was to analysis alter of speed, stride length and stride frequency among every 10 meters in 100-meter dash. And investigate the relationship among speed, stride length and stride frequency. Methods: Eleven male senior high school students who are track and field sports were served as the subjects for this study. The amount of running step was captured by using high speed camera and the researcher also used radar gun to capture the running speed in every 10 meters. Furthermore, the research can compute stride length and stride frequency by using amount of running step and speed. In order to analysis the correlation among speed, stride length and stride frequency, the researcher selected Pearson product-moment correlation to process data. Results: There was maximum speed in 40 to 50 meters. The stride length was increase rapidly when start of a race and decrease slowly in 50 to 60 meters. And there was maximum stride length in 60 to 70 meters. The stride length was became short rapidly in 70 to 80 meters and then kept stable until the runner arrive the destination. Furthermore, the maximum stride frequency was occurred in 20 to 30 meters and reduced very fast in 60 to 70 meters. There were growth and decline correlation between stride length and stride frequency. Stride length and stride frequency were both increased in accelerated phase. Otherwise, they were both decreased in the accelerated phase. Conclusion: There were higher correlations between stride length and speed than between stride frequency and speed in deceleration phase. Stride length and stride frequency had functional complementation and also had negative correlation. It will be helpful to enhance the performance by exercising related muscles and strengths at teenage.

並列關鍵字

stride length ； stride frequency ； 100 meters